A/RES/3169(XXVIII) GA

Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Se~ond Committee 51 should decide, at its twenty-eighth session, to establish a United Nations revolving fund for natural resources exploration, as well as the relevant documents pre- pared by the Secretary-General,57 Recognizing the need to extend and intensify the activities of the United Nations system to meet the need for increased natural resources exploration in developing countries, to accelerate their economic de- velopment, Bearing in mind the need to ensure the revolving na- ture of the fund derived from the self-help principles for the mutual benefit of the developing countries, Noting the essential importance of voluntary con- tributions to the revolving fund at the initial stage, which are to be made without prejudice to the growth of resources of the United Nations Development Pro- gramme, 1. Decides to establish a United Nations Revolving Fund for Natural Resources Exploration as a trust fund, placed in the charge of the Secretary-General and administered on his behalf by the Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme and based on the principles and objectives contained in para- graph 1 of Economic and Social Council resolution 1762 (LIV); 2. Requests the Secretary-General, in close collab- oration with the Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme and taking due account of the views of the appropriate organs and agencies of the United Nations system, to prepare operational pro- cedures and administrative arrangements of the Re- volving Fund for approval by the Governing Council of the Programme at its eighteenth session; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to intensify his efforts aimed at exploring possible sources of financial assistance to the: Revolving Fund and to organize, if necessary, pledgmg conferences for the Fund; 4. Invites the International Bank for Reconstruc- tion and Development to co-operate with the Revolv- i?g Fund and, initially, to participate in the prepara- tion of the procedural arrangements to be carried out under paragraph 2 above; 5. Authorizes the Secretary-General to receive con- tributions to the Revolving Fund, as far as possible in convertible currency; 6. Requests the Administrator of the United Na- tions Development Programme, in consultation with the Secretary-General, to start operational activities of t~e Revolving Fund in . 197 4, as soon as the prepara- tion of the above-mentioned procedural arrangements has been completed. 2203rd plenary meeting 17 December 1973 3168 (XXVIII). The role of modern science and technology in the development of nations and the need to strengthen econ~mic, tech- nical and scientific co-operation among States The General Assembly, Bearing in mind its resolution 2658 (XXV) of 7 December 1970 on the role of modem science and technology in the development of nations and the need to strengthen economic, technical and scientific co- operation among States, 117 See E/C.2/282. Recognizing, in the light of the conclusions of the first biennial over-all review and appraisal of progress in the implementation of the International Develop- ment Strategy for the Second United Nations Develop- ment Decade,58 that the application of science and technology to development constitutes one of the main factors for the final implementation of the goals of the Strategy, Having in mind the increased level of activities and greater attention being given to this subject by the various agencies and organizations of the United Na- tions system and, in particular, the useful work of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Develop- ment in the field of ,the transfer of technology to de- veloping countries, Convinced that at this stage it is imperative to con- centrate the efforts of the United Nations and the organizations of the United Nations system towards the efficient utilization of modern science and tech- nology to contribute to meeting the fundamental needs of the developing countries, 1. Takes note of Economic and Social Council resolution 1826 (LV) of 10 August 19,..,3; 2. End, rses the views expressed by the Economic and Social Council in that resolution to the effect that it i~ necessary to initiate new actions to intensify inter- national co-operation permitting all countries, in par- ticular developing countries, to benefit from the achieve- men_ts of modern science and technology for the accel- cra~1on of their economic and social progress by assisting in the creation of an indigenous capacity for scientific and technological growth; 3. Requests the Economic and Social Council to give priority, through the Committee on Science and !echnology for Development, to consideration of the issues related to the role of modern science and tech- nology in the development of nations and the need to strengthen economic, technical and scientific co-opera- tion among States; 4. Endorses further the idea of the need for the el~boration of a United Nations policy in the field of science and technology, and notes that the Economic and Social Council will consider the advisability of convening a United Nations conference on science and technology in the light of its resolution 1826 (LV); 5. Requests the Secretary-General to extend to the Committee on Science and Technology for Develop- ment ell t~e necessa!Y assistance in the implementation of the actions provided for by Economic and Social Council resolution 1826 (LV); . 6. Further requests the Secretary-General to sub- mit to the General Assembly at its twenty-ninth session, thro~gh the Eco_nomic and Social Council, a report on the 1mplementat1on of the present resolution. 2203rd plenary meeting 17 December 197 3 3169 (XXVIII). Special measures related to the particular needs of the land-locked develop- ing countries The General Assembly, Recalling resolution 63 (III) of 19 May 1972 of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Develop- 5s See resolution 317 6 (XXVIII). 52 General Assembly-Twenty-eighth Session ment,59 and General Assembly resolution 2971 (XXVII) of 14 December 1972, Recognizing that, as a result of the geographic situ- ation of the land-locked developing countries, of the high cost of transportation and of the poor development of their infrastructure in all fields, the expansion of their trade and economic development is inhibited, Recognizing the need for the urgent extension of financial and technical assistance to land-locked devel- oping countries by the international community and international organizations on the basis of the recom- mendations of the United Nations system as a whole, particularly in the field of infrastructure of all kinds, Recalling the decision taken in this respect by the Fourth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Algiers from 5 to 9 September 1973,60 Conscious of the urgent needs of the land-locked developing countries and the special measures that must be considered and implemented in their favour, l. Invites all Member States and the competent international organizations to assist the land-locked developing countries in facilitating, within the frame- work of appropriate agreements, the exercise of their right of freedom of access to and from the sea; 2. ]!..equests the Secretary-General, in the imple- mentatwn of Economic and Social Council resolution 1755 (LIV) of 16 May 1973 and in consultation with the United Nations Conference on Trade and Develop- ment, to undertake a complete study on the establish- ment ~f a fund in favour of the land-locked developing countries; 3. Invites the Economic and Social Council to re- port to the General Assembly at its twenty-ninth session on the implementation of the provisions of the present resolution and other related resolutions of the various organs of the United Nations system. 2203rd plenary meeting 17 December 197 3 3170 (XXVIII). International years and anniversaries The General Assembly, Recalling Economic and Social Council resolution 1800 (LV) of 7 August 1973, Decides to instruct its subsidiary bodies to propose the designation of international years only on t:1e most important occasions and, where possible, to propose instead celebrations of brief duration. 2203rd plenary meeting 17 December 1973 3171 (XXVIII). Permanent sovereignty over natural resources The General Assembly, Reiterating that the inalienable right of each State to the full exercise of national sovereignty over its 119 See Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Third Session, vol. I, Report and .Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No.: E.73.11.D.4), annex I.A. eo A/9330 and Corr.I, p. 77. natural resources has been repeatedly recognized by the international community in numerous resolutions of various organs of the United Nations, Reiterating also that an intrinsic condition of the exercise of the sovereignty of every State is that it be exercised fully and effectively over all the natural re- sources of the State, whether found on land or in the sea, Reaffirming the inviolable principle that every coun- try has the right to adopt the economic and social sys- tem which it deems most favourable to its development, Recalling its resolutions 1803 (XVII) of 14 Decem- ber 1962, 2158 (XXI) of 25 November 1966, 2386 (XXIII) of 19 November 1968, 2625 (XXV) of 24 October 1970, 2692 (XXV) of 11 December 1970 and 3016 (XXVII) of 18 December 1972 and Secur- ity Council resolution 330 (1973) of 21 March 1973 which relate to permanent sovereignty over naturai resources, Recalling, in particular, the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,61 which proclaims that no State may use or encourage the use of economic political or any other type of measures to coerce an~ other State in order to obtain from it the subordination of th~ exercise of its sovereign rights and to secure from 1t advantages of any kind, Considering that the full exercise by each State of sovereignty over its natural resources is an essential condition for achieving the objectives and targets of the Second United Nations Development Decade and that this exercise requires that action by States ~imed at achieving a better utilization and use of those re- sources must cover all stages, from exploration to mar- keting, Taking note of section VII of the Economic Dec- laration adopted by the Fourth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries held at Algiers from 5 to 9 September 1973,62 ' Taking note also of the report of the Secretary- General on permanent sovereignty over natural re- sources, 63 1. Strongly reaffirrm the inalienable rights of States to permanent sovereignty over all their natural re- sources, on land within their international boundaries as well as those in the sea-bed and the subsoil thereof within their national jurisdiction and in the superjacent Waters; 2. Supports resolutely the efforts of the developing countries and of the peoples of the territories under colonial and racial domination and foreign occupation in their struggle to regain effective control over their natural resources; 3. Affirms that the application of the principle of nationalization carried out by States, as an expression of their sovereignty in order to safeguard their natural resources, implies that each State is entitled to deter- mine the amount of possible compensation and the mode of payment, and that any disputes which might arise should be settled in accordance with the national legislation of each State carrying out such measures; 61 Resolution 2625 (XXV), annex. 62 A/9330 and Corr.I, p. 66. 43 E/5425 and Corr.I, E/5425/ Add.I.

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