A/RES/32/81 GA

III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 47 Reiterating its firm conviction that, for the maximum effectiveness of any treaty establishing a nuclear- weapon-free zone, the co-operation of the nuclear- weapon States is necessary and that such co-operation should take the form of commitments likewise under- taken in a formal international instrument which is legally binding, such as a treaty, convention or pro- tocol, Recalling with particular satisfaction that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the United States of America, France and the People's Republic of China are already parties to Additional Protocol II of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco), Noting that the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics has submitted to the General Assembly at its thirty- second session a draft resolution, in which it is "sol- emnly urged" that: "All non-nuclear-weapon States should establish nuclear-weapon-free zones, which may cover entire continents or large geographical areas, as well as groups of States or individual States, and nuclear States should respect the status of such nuclear-free zones;",13 1. Again urges the Union of Soviet Socialist Re- publics to sign and ratify Additional Protocol II of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America ( Treaty of Tlatelolco) ; 2. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-third session an item entitled "Implementation of General Assembly resolution 32/79 concerning the signature and ratification of Additional Protocol II of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco) ". 100th plenary meeting 12 December 1977 32/80. Effective measures to implement the purposes and objectives of the Disarma- ment Decade The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 2602 E (XXIV) of 16 De- cember 1969, in which it declared the decade of the 1970s the Disarmament Decade and envisaged a link between the Disarmament Decade and the Second United Nations Development Decade, Also recalling its resolution 31/68 of 10 December 1976, in which it reaffirmed the purposes and objec- tives of the Disarmament Decade, and its resolution 31/189 B of 21 December 1976, in which it decided to convene a special session of the General Assembly devoted to disarmament, Deploring that these purposes and objectives have not been fulfilled in terms of effective disarmament agreements and that the arms race, especially the nu- clear arms race, continues unabated, Deeply concerned at the continued wastage of re- sources on armaments and the consequent detrimental effect on international security and the achievement of the objectives of the new international economic order, 13 A/C.1/32/L.2, para. 6. For the printed text, see Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-second Session, An- nexes, agenda item 127, document A/32/242, annex II. Reaffirming the incompatibility between the unbridled arms race and the will of the international community, proclaimed and repeatedly reaffirmed, to promote healthy economic co-operation among all States, Convinced that the peaceful use of the human and material resources allocated every year to the manu- facture of armaments of all kinds will have very positive effects for the future of mankind, Believing that the aid made available to developing countries, in all its forms, will serve its purpose only in a healthy, peaceful atmosphere characterized by mutual respect, Affirming the urgent need for the promotion of nego- tiations on effective measures for the cessation of the arms race, especially in the nuclear field, for the re- duction of military expenditures and for general and complete disarmament, Having considered the report of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament, 14 1. Takes note of the decision of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament to set up an ad hoe working group to elaborate a comprehensive pro- gramme for disarmament; 2. Requests the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament to continue its work on this subject and to submit a progress report to the General Assembly at its_ special session devoted to disarmament, to be held m May and June 1978; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to transmit to the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament all documents relating to the consideration of this item by the General Assembly at its thirty-second session; 4. Calls upon Member States and the Secretary- General to intensify their efforts in support of the link between disarmament and development, envisaged in General Assembly resolution 2602 E (XXIV) on the Disarmament Decade, so as to promote disarmament negotiations and to ensure that the human and material resources freed by disarmament are used to promote economic and social development, particularly in the developing countries; 5. Urges that the unparalleled technical possibili- ties now available to mankind should be exploited for the purpose of combating poverty, ignorance, disease and hunger throughout the world; 6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-third session the item entitled "Effective meas- ures to implement the purposes and objectives of the Disarmament Decade". 100th plenary meeting 12 December 1977 32/81. Implementation of the Declaration on the Denuclearization of Africa The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 31/70 of 10 December 1976, in which it reiterated its conviction that the establish- ment of nuclear-weapon-free zones could make a great contribution to the security of States in such zones and to the prevention of proliferation of nuclear weapons, 14 Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-second Session, Supplement No. 27 (A/32/27). 48 General Assembly-Thirty-second Session Bearing in mind the Declaration on the Denucleariza- tion of Africa15 adopted by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its first ordinary session, held at Cairo from 17 to 21 July 1964, Recalling its resolutions 1652 (XVI) of 24 No- vember 1961, 2033 (XX) of 3 December 1965, 3261 E (XXIX) of 9 December 1974, 3471 (XXX) of 11 De- cember 1975 and 31/69 of 10 December 1976, in which it called upon all States to consider and respect the continent of Africa, including the continental Afri- can States, Madagascar and other islands surrounding Africa, as a nuclear-weapon-free zone, Also recalling that, in its resolution 31/69, it drew attention to the development of the nuclear-weapon potential of South Africa, Taking note of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) o( 4 November 1977, Gravely concerned that South Africa may detonate a nuclear explosion and acquire a nuclear-weapon capability, Convinced that such a development would constitute a grave danger to international peace and security and would frustrate efforts to establish Africa as a nuclear- weapon-free zone, Reaffirming that the implementation of the Declara- tion on the Denuclearization of Africa would contribute to the security of all African States and to the main- tenance of international peace and security, l. Strongly reiterates its call upon all States to con- sider and respect the continent of Africa, including the continental African States, Madagascar and other is- lands surrounding Africa, as a nuclear-weapon-free zone; 2. Condemns any attempt by South Africa to in- troduce nuclear weapons into the continent of Africa; 3. Demands that South Africa refrain forthwith from conducting any nuclear explosion on the continent of Africa or elsewhere; 4. Urgently requests the Security Council to take appropriate effective steps to prevent South Africa from developing and acquiring nuclear weapons, thereby endangering international peace and security; 5. Appeals to all States to refrain from such co- operation with South Africa in the nuclear field as will enable the racist regime to acquire nuclear weapons, and to dissuade corporations, institutions and individ- uals within their jurisdiction from any such co-opera- tion; 6. Requests the Secretary-General to render all necessary assistance to the Organization of African Unity towards the realization of its solemn Declaration on the Denuclearization of Africa; 7. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-third session the item entitled "Implementation of the Declaration on the Denuclearization of Africa". 100th plenary meeting 12 December 1977 32/82. Establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 3263 (XXIX) of 9 Decem- ber 1974, in which it overwhelmingly commended the 15 [bid., Twentieth Session, Annexes, agenda item 105, docu- ment A/5975. idea of the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East, Recalling also its resolution 3474 (XXX) of 11 De- cember 1975, in which it recognized that the establish- ment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East enjoys wide support in the region, Further recalling its resolution 31/71 of 10 De- cember 1976, in which it expressed the conviction that progress towards the establishment of a nuclear-weapon- free zone in the Middle East would greatly enhance the cause of peace both in the region and in the world, Mindful of the growing international desire for estab- lishing a just and lasting peace in the region of the Middle East, Conscious of the global apprehension over possible proliferation of nuclear weapons, in particular in the sensitive region of the Middle East, Fully convinced that the possible development of nuclear capability would further complicate the situa- tion and immensely damage the efforts to create an atmosphere of confidence in the Middle East, Reiterating anew the particular nature of the prob- lems involved and the complexities inherent in the situation in the Middle East, and the urgency of keep- ing the region free from involvement in a ruinous nu- clear-arms race, Recognizing, as a consequence, the need to create momentum towards the goal of establishing a nuclear- weapon-frce zone in the Middle East, I. Urges anew all parties directly concerned to adhere to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nu- clear Weaponsrn as a means of promoting this objec- tive; 2. Reiterates its recommendation that the Member States referred to in paragraph 1 above, pending the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone under an effective system of safeguards, should: (a) Proclaim solemnly and immediately their in- tention to refrain, on a reciprocal basis, from producing, acquiring or in any other way possessing nuclear weap- ons and nuclear explosive devices and from permitting the stationing of nuclear weapons on their territory or the territory under their control by any third party; ( b) Refrain, on a reciprocal basis, from any other action that would facilitate the acquisition, testing or use of such weapons, or would be in any other way detrimental to the objective of the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region under an effec- tive system of safeguards; ( c) Agree to place all their nuclear activities under the International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards; 3. Reaffirms its recommendation to the nuclear- weapon States to refrain from any action contrary to the purpose of the present resolution and the objective of establishing, in the region of the Middle East, a nuclear-weapon-free zone under an effective system of safeguards and to extend their co-operation to the States of the region in their efforts to promote this objective; 4. Renews its invitation to the Secretary-General to continue to explore the possibilities of making pro- 16 Resolution 2373 (XXII), annex.

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