A/RES/33/65 GA

III. Resolutions adop-ted on the reports of the First Committee 43 33/64. Establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 3263 (XXIX) of 9 De- cember 1974, in which it overwhelmingly commended the idea of the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East, Recalling also its resolution 3474 (XXX) of 11 December 1975, in which it recognized that the estab- lishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East enjoyed wide support in the region, Bearing in mind its resolution 31/71 of 10 Decem- ber 1976, in which it expressed the conviction that progress towards the establishment of a nuclear- weapon-free zone in the Middle East would greatly enhance the cause of peace in the region and in the world, Considering its resolution 32/82 of 12 December 1977, in which it expressed the conviction that the development of nuclear capability would further com- plicate the situation and immensely damage the efforts to create an atmosphere of confidence in the Middle East, Guided by its relevant recommendations in the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly, dealing with the establishment of a nuclear- weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East,20 Recognizing that the establishment of a nuclear- weapon-free zone in the Middle East would greatly enhance international peace and security, 1. Urges all parties directly concerned seriously to consider taking the practical and urgent steps required for the implementation of the proposal to establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and, as a means of promoting this objec- tive, invites the countries concerned to adhere to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons;21 2. Invites these countries, pending the establish- ment of such a zone in the Middle East and during the process of its establishment, to declare solemnly that they will refrain on a reciprocal basis from pro- ducing, acquiring or in any other way possessing nuclear weapons and nuclear explosive devices; 3. Calls upon these countries to refrain, on a re- ciprocal basis, from permitting the stationing of nuclear weapons on their territory by any third party, and to agree to place all their nuclear activities under Inter- national Atomic Energy Agency safeguards; 4. Further invites these countries, pending the es- tablishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Mid- dle East and during the process of its establishment, to declare, consistent with paragraph 63 (d) of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session, their support for establishing such a zone in the region and to deposit these declarations with the Security Council; 5. Reaffirms again its recommendation to the nuclear-weapon States to refrain from any action con- trary to the spirit and purpose of the present resolution and the objective of establishing in the region of the Middle East a nuclear-weapon-free zone under an ef- 20 Ibid., para. 63 (d). 21 Resolution 2373 (XXII), annex. fective system of safeguards, and to extend their co- operation to the States of the region in their efforts to promote these objectives; 6. Renews its invitation to the Secretary-General to continue to explore the possibilities of making pro- gress towards the establishment of a nuclear-weapon- free zone in the region of the Middle East; 7. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-fourth session the item entitled "Establish- ment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East". 84th plenary meeting 14 December 1978 33/65. Establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 3265 B (XXIX) of 9 De- cember 1974, 3476 B (XXX) of 11 December 1975, 31/73 of 10 December 1976 and 32/83 of 12 Decem- ber 1977 concerning the establishment of a nuclear- weapon-free zone in South Asia, Reiterating its conviction that the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones in various regions of the world is one of the measures which can contribute most effectively to the objectives of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and general and complete disar- mament, Believing that the establishment of a nuclear- weapon-free zone in South Asia, as in other regions, will strengthen the security of the States of the region against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, Noting the declarations issued at the highest level by Governments of South Asian States reaffirming their undertaking not to acquire or manufacture nuclear weapons and to devote their nuclear programmes ex- clusively to the economic and social advancement of their peoples, Recalling that in the above-mentioned resolutions it called upon the States of the South Asian region and such other neighbouring non-nuclear-weapon States as might be interested to make all possible efforts to establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia and to refrain, in the meantime, from any action contrary to this objective, Further recalling that, in its resolutions 3265 B (XXIX), 31/73 and 32/83, it requested the Secre- tary-General to convene a meeting for the purpose of the consultations mentioned therein and to render such assistance as might be required to promote the efforts for the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia, Bearing in mind the provisions of paragraphs 60 to 63 of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly22 regarding the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones, including in the region of South Asia, Noting the report of the Secretary-General on the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia,23 22 Resolution S-10/2. 23 A/33/360. 44 General Assembly-Thirty-third Session 1. Reaffirms its endorsement, in principle, of the concept of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia; 2. Urges once again the States of South Asia and such other neighbouring non-nuclear-weapon States as may be interested to continue to make all possible efforts to establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia and to refrain, in the meantime, from any action contrary to this objective; 3. Calls upon those nuclear-weapon States which have not done so to respond positively to this proposal and to extend the necessary co-operation in the efforts to establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia; 4. Requests the Secretary-General to render such assistance as may be required to promote the efforts for the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in South Asia and to report on the subject to the General Assembly at its thirty-fourth session; 5. Decides to consider this item at its thirty-fourth session. 84th plenary meetin!? 14 December 1978 33/66. Prohibition of the development and manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons A The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 3479 (XXX) of 11 De- cember 1975, 31/74 of 10 December 1976 and 32/84 A and B of 12 December 1977 on the prohibi- tion of the development and manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons, Recalling also paragraph 77 of its resolution S-10/2 of 30 June 1978, by which it decided that, in order to help prevent a qualitative arms race and so that scientific and technological achievements might ulti- mately be used solely for peaceful purposes, effective measures should be taken to prevent the emergence of new types of weapons of mass destruction based on new scientific principles and achievements, Concerned that the development of modern science and technology should not lead to the emergence of new, still more destructive types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons, com- parable in effect to those particular weapons identified in the 1948 definition of weapons of mass destruction,24 Restating its view that specific agreement could be concluded on particular types of new weapons of mass destruction which may be identified, and that this question should be kept under continuing review, Taking into account the report of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament with regard to this question, 25 1. Welcomes the active continuation of negotia- tions relating to the prohibition and limitation of iden- tified weapons of mass destruction; 2. Requests the Committee on Disarmament, while taking account of its existing priorities, to pursue its 24 See S/C.3/32/Rev.1 and Rev.I/Corr.I. 2G See Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-third Session, Supplement No. 27 (A/33/27), vol. I, paras. 188-218. examination of the subject, with any appropriate expert assistance, with a view to reaching agreement on the prevention of the emergence of new weapons of mass destruction based on new scientific principles and achievements and to the speedy preparation of specific agreements on individual types of weapons which may be identified; 3. Urges all States to refrain from actions which might adversely affect the efforts referred to in para- graph 2 above; 4. Requests the Committee on Disarmament to report on its consideration of the subject to the Gen- eral Assembly at its thirty-fourth session. B The General Assembly, 84th plenary meeting 14 December 1978 Recalling its resolutions 3479 (XXX) of 11 De- cember 1975, 31/74 of 10 December 1976 and 32/84 A of 12 December 1977 on the prohibition of new types of weapons of mass destruction, Bearing in mind the provision contained in para- graph 39 of its resolution S-10/12 of 30 June 1978 to the effect that qualitative and quantitative disarma- ment measures are both important for halting the arms race and that efforts to that end must include negotia- tions on the limitation and cessation of the qualitative improvement of armaments, especially weapons of mass destruction and the development of new means of warfare, Recalling the decision contained in paragraph 77 of the same resolution to the effect that in order to help prevent a qualitative arms race and so that scientific and technological achievements might ulti- mately be used solely for peaceful purposes, effective measures should be taken to prevent the emergence of new types of weapons of mass destruction based on new scientific principles and achievements, and that efforts should be appropriately pursued aiming at the prohibition of such new types and new systems of weapons of mass destruction, Expressing once again, in the light of the decisions adopted at its tenth special session, its firm belief in the importance of concluding an agreement or agree- ments to prevent the use of scientific and technological progress for the development of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons, Noting, in this connexion, that in the negotiations between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America the sides have made h~~dway in reaching agreement on some basic pro- v1s1ons of the convention on the prohibition of radio- logical weapons which is being prepared, Taking note of the discussion at the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament of the question of the prohibition of the development and manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons, Taking into account the report of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament with regard to this question,26 l. Requests the Committee on Disarmament, in the light of its existing priorities, actively to continue 26 Ibid.

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