A/RES/33/73 GA

III, Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 55 international community to develop, as appropriate, effective measures to ensure the security of non- nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons from any quarter, Recognizing that effective measures to assure the non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons can constitute a positive contribution to the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons, Recalling its resolution 3261 G (XXIX) of 9 De- cember 1974, Further recalling its resolution 31/189 C of 21 De- cember 1976, Bearing in mind paragraph 59 of the Final Docu- ment of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly,68 in which it requested the nuclear-weapon States urgently to conclude, as appropriate, effective arrangements to assure the non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, Desirous of promoting the implementation of the relevant provisions of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session, Taking into consideration the views and proposals submitted on this subject at its thirty-third session, l. Urges that urgent efforts should be made to conclude effective arrangements, as appropriate, to assure the non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, including con- sideration of an international convention and of alter- native ways and means of achieving this objective; 2. Takes note of the proposals submitted69 and views expressed70 on this subject at its thirty-third session and recommends that the Committee on Dis- armament should consider them and submit a progress report to the General Assembly at its thirty-fourth session; 3. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-fourth session an item entitled "Strength- ening of the security of non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons". 84th plenary meeting 14 December 1978 33/73. Declaration on the Preparation of So- cieties for Life in Peace The General Assembly, Recalling that in the Charter the peoples of the United Nations proclaimed their determination to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war and that one of the fundamental purposes of the United Nations is to maintain international peace and security, Reaffirming that, in accordance with General As- sembly resolution 95 (I) of 11 December 1946, planning, preparation, initiation or waging of a war 68 /bid. 69 A/C.1/33/L.6, annex, and A/C.1/33/L.15, annex (see Official Records of _the General Assembly, Thirty-third Session, Annexes, agenda item 128, document A/33/426, paras. 5 and 6); A/C.1/33/7, annex. 70 Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-third Session, First Committee, 20th to 28th and 59th to 61st meet- ings (A/C.l/33/PV.20-28 and 59-61); and ibid., First Com- mittee, Sessional Fascicle, corrigendum. of aggression are crimes against peace and that, pur- suant to the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, of 24 October 1970,71 and the De- finition of Aggression of 14 December 1974,72 a war of aggression constitutes a crime against the peace, Reaffirming the right of individuals, States and all mankind to life in peace, A ware that, since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed, Recognizing that peace among nations is mankind's paramount value, held in the highest esteem by all principal political, social and religious movements, Guided by the lofty goal of preparing societies for and creating conditions of their common existence and co-operation in peace, equality, mutual confidence and understanding, Recognizing the essential role of Governments, as well as governmental and non-governmental organiza- tions, both national and international, the mass media, educational processes and teaching methods, in pro- moting the ideals of peace and understanding among nations, Convinced that, in the era of modern scientific and technological progress, mankind's resources, energy and creative talents should be directed to the peaceful economic, social and cultural development of all countries, should promote the implementation of the new international economic order and should serve the raising of the living standards of all nations, Stressing with utmost concern that the arms race, in particular in the nuclear field, and the development of new types and systems of weapons, based on modern scientific principles and achievements, threaten world peace, Recalling that, in the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly,73 the States Members of the United Nations solemnly reaffirmed their determination to make further collective efforts aimed at strengthening peace and international security ~nd eliminating_ !he threat of war, and agreed that, m order to fac1htate the process of disarmament, it was necessary to take measures and pursue policies to strengthen international peace and security and to build confidence among States, Reaffirming the principles contained in the Declara- tion on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, of 14 December 1960 74 the Declaration on the Strengthening of Intern~tional Security, of 16 December 197075 and the Declaration on the Deepening and Consolidation of International Detente, of 19 December 1977,76 Recalling the Declaration on the Promotion among Youth of the Ideals of Peace, Mutual Respect and Understanding between Peoples, of 7 December 1965,77 71 Resolution 2625 (XXV), annex. 72 Resolution 3314 (XXIX), annex. n Resolution S-10/2. H Resolution 1514 (XV). 7:; Resolution 2734 (XXV). 7B Resolution 32/155. 77 Resolution 2037 (XX). 56 General Assembly-Thirty-third Session Further recalling the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, of 10 December 1948, 78 as well as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, of 16 December 1966,79 and bearing in mind that the latter states, inter alia, that any propaganda for war shall be prohibited by law, I Solemnly invites all States to guide themselves in their activities by the recognition of the supreme importance and necessity of establishing, maintaining and strengthening a just and durable peace for present and future generations and, in particular, to observe the following principles: 1. Every nation and every human being, regard- less of race, conscience, language or sex, has the inherent right to life in peace. Respect for that right, as well as for the other human rights, is in the common interest of all mankind and an in- dispensable condition of advancement of all nations, large and small, in all fields. 2. A war of aggression, its planning, prepara- tion or initiation are crimes against peace and are prohibited by international law. 3. In accordance with the purposes and prin- ciples of the United Nations, States have the duty to refrain from propaganda for wars of aggression. 4. Every State, acting in the spirit of friendship and good-neighbourly relations, has the duty to promote all-round, mutually advantageous and equitable political, economic, social and cultural co-operation with other States, notwithstanding their socio-economic systems, with a view to securing their common existence and co-operation in peace, in conditions of mutual understanding of and respect for the identity and diversity of all peoples, and the duty to take up actions conducive to the furtherance of the ideals of peace, humanism and freedom. 5. Every State has the duty to respect the right of all peoples to self-determination, independence, equality, sovereignty, the territorial integrity of States and the inviolability of their frontiers, in- cluding the right to determine the road of their development, without interference or intervention in their internal affairs. 6. A basic instrument of the maintenance of peace is the elimination of the threat inherent in the arms race, as well as efforts towards general and complete disarmament, under effective inter- national control, including partial measures with that end in view, in accordance with the principles agreed upon within the United Nations and relevant international agreements. 7. Every State has the duty to discourage all manifestations and practices of colonialism, as well as racism, racial discrimination and apartheid, as contrary to the right of peoples to self-determina- tion and to other human rights and fundamental freedoms. 8. Every State has the duty to discourage ad- vocacy of hatred and prejudice against other peo- ples as contrary to the principles of peaceful co- existence and friendly co-operation. 78 Resolution 217 A (III). 79 Resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex. II Calls upon all States, in order to implement the above principles: (a) To act perseveringly and consistently, with due regard for the constitutional rights and the role of the family, the institutions and the organizations concerned: ( i) To ensure that their policies relevant to the implementation of the present Declaration, including educational processes and teaching methods as well as media information ac- tivities, incorporate contents compatible with the task of the preparation for life in peace of entire societies and, in particular, the young generations; (ii) Therefore, to discourage and eliminate incite- ment to racial hatred, national or other dis- crimination, injustice or advocacy of violence and war; (b) To develop various forms of bilateral and multilateral co-operation, also in international, govern- mental and non-governmental organizations, with a view to enhancing preparation of societies to live in peace and, in particular, exchanging experiences on projects pursued with that end in view; III 1. Recommends that the governmental and non- governmental organizations concerned should initiate appropriate action towards the implementation of the present Declaration; 2. States that a full implementation of the prin- ciples enshrined in the present Declaration calls for concerted action on the part of Governments, the 1:Jnited Nations and the specialized agencies, in par- ticular the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, as well as other interested in- ternational and national organizations, both govern- mental and non-governmental; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to follow the progress made in the implementation of the present Declaration and to submit periodic reports thereon to the General Assembly, the first such report to be submitted not later than at its thirty-sixth session. 85th plenary meeting 15 December 1978 33/74. Non-interference in the internal affairs of States The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 31/91 of 14 December 1976 and 32/153 of 19 December 1977 on non-interference in the internal affairs of States, Ta~i'!g note of the reports of the Secretary-Genera[,80 co~tammg the views of Member States on ways by which greater respect for the principle of non-inter- ference in the internal affairs of States can be assured, 1. Urges all States to abide by the provisions of resolutions 31/91 and 32/153, in which the General Assembly denounced any form of interference in the internal or external affairs of States and called upon so A/32/164 and Add.I, A/32/165 and Add.I and 2, A/33/216 and Add.I.

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