A/RES/34/46 GA

170 General Assembly-Thirty-fourth Session consider acceding to the Optional Protocol to the Inter- national Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 6. Welcomes the entry into force on 28 March 1979 of article 41 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and invites the States parties to the Covenant to consider making the declaration provided for in article 41 ; 1. Appreciates that the Human Rights Committee continues to strive for uniform standards in the imple- mentation of the provisions of the International Coven- ant on Civil and Political Rights and of the Optional Protocol thereto and emphasizes the importance of the strictest compliance by States parties with their obliga- tions under the Covenant; 8. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to keep the Human Rights Committee informed of the ac- tivities of the Commission on Human Rights, the Sub- Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Pro- tection of Minorities and the Committee on the Elimina- tion of Racial Discrimination and also to transmit the annual reports of the Human Rights Committee to those bodies; 9. Notes with due attention the recommendation of the Human Rights Committee regarding the holding of future meetings of the Committee in developing coun- tries39 and requests the Secretary-General to explore this possibility, taking into account the recommendation of the Committee, and to submit a report in this regard to the General Assembly at its thirty-fifth session; 10. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its thirty-fifth session a report on the status of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 11. Further requests the Secretary-General, in pre- paring the report requested in Commission on Human Rights resolution 23 (XXXV) of 14 March 197940 con- cerning the development of public information activities in the field of human rights, to bear in mind the question of improving the publicity for the work of the Human Rights Committee; 12. Urges the Secretary-General to take all possible steps to ensure that the Division of Human Rights of the Secretariat is able to assist effectively the Human Rights Committee and the Economic and Social Council in the implementation of their respective functions under the International Covenants on Human Rights, taking into account General Assembly resolutions 3534 (XXX) of 17 December 1975 and 31/93 of 14 December 1976. 76th plenary meeting 23 November 1979 34 / 46. Alternative approaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improv- ing the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms The General Assembly, Guided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations to achieve international co-opera- 89 See Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-fourth Session, Third Committee, 31st meeting, para. 40. 40 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 1979, Supplement No. 6 (E/1979/36), chap. XXIV, sect. A. tion in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character, and in pro- moting and encouraging respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion, Recalling the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights41 and of the International Convenants on Human Rights42 in further promoting international co-operation for respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Considering that the acceptance by Member States of the obligations contained in those Covenants is an im- portant element for the universal realization of and re- spect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, Recognizing that, in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the ideal of free human beings enjoying freedom from fear and want can be achieved only if conditions are created whereby every- one may enjoy economic, social, and cultural rights, as well as civil and political rights, Recalling its resolution 32/130 of 16 December 1977, in which it decided that the approach to the future work within the United Nations system with respect to human rights questions should take into account the concepts set forth in that resolution, Recalling also its resolution 33/104 of 16 December 1978, in which it requested the Commission on Human Rights to continue with high priority the over-all analy- sis of the alternative approaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improving the ef- fective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental free- doms, which will contribute to the implementation of resolution 32/ 130, Recalling further its resolution 32/ 197 of 20 Decem- ber 1977, in particular paragraphs 5 (b) and 41 of the annex thereto, regarding the responsibilities of the Eco- nomic and Social Council to monitor and evaluate the implementation of over-all strategies, policies and pri- orities established by the General Assembly, Noting with interest Economic and Social Council decisions 1979/29 and 1979/30 of 10 May 1979, and Commission on Human Rights resolutions 4 (XXXV) and 5 (XXXV) of 2 March 1979,4:i in which the Com- mission reiterated that the right to development is a human right and that equality of opportunity for de- velopment is as much a prerogative of nations as of individuals within nations, Recognizing the need to create satisfactory conditions at the national and international levels for the full pro- motion and protection of the human rights of individuals and peoples, Noting with interest that in the Political Declaration adopted by the Sixth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Havana from 3 to 9 September 1979, the non-aligned countries called on the United Nations to continue working to- wards ensuring human rights in a comprehensive manner to ensure the dignity of human beings and, in this re- gard, reaffirmed their own willingness to work actively for the implementation of the steps outlined in General Assembly resolution 32/ 130 in the form which it pre- scribes, through the existing structures of the United Nations system,44 41 Resolution 217 A (III). 42 Resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex. 43 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 1979, Supplement No. 6 (E/1979/36), chap. XXIV, sect. A. 44 See A/34/542, annex, sect. I, para. 262. VI. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Third Committee 171 Taking into account Economic and Social Council resolution 1979/36 of 10 May 1979, 1. Takes note with satisfaction of the report on the work relating to the over-all analysis of the United Na- tions approach to human rights45 submitted to the Gen- eral Assembly by the Commission on Human Rights, through the Economic and Social Council, in accordance with paragraph 2 (a) of General Assembly resolution 32/130; 2. Requests the Commission on Human Rights to continue at its thirty-sixth session its ongoing work on the over-all analysis with a view to further promoting and improving human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the question of the Commission's programme and working methods, and on the over-all analysis of the alternative approaches and ways and means for improv- ing the effective enjoyment of human rights and funda- mental freedoms, in accordance with the provisions and concepts of resolution 32/130; 3. Reiterates its profound conviction that all human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible and in- terdependent, and that equal attention and urgent con- sideration should be given to the implementation, pro- motion and protection of both civil and political, and economic, social and cultural rights; 4. Reaffirms the absolute necessity, under all cir- cumstances, of eliminating massive and flagrant viola- tions of human rights and of the rights of peoples and individuals affected by situations such as those enumer- ated in paragraph 1 (e) of resolution 32/130; 5. Reaffirms also that it is of paramount importance for the promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms that Member States should undertake specific obligations through accession to or ratification of inter- national instruments in this field and that, consequently, the standard-setting work within the United Nations sys- tem in the field of human rights and the universal accept- ance and implementation of the relevant international instruments should be encouraged; 6. Emphasizes the need to create conditions at the national and international levels for the full promotion and protection of the human rights of individuals and peoples; 1. Recognizes that, in order fully to guarantee hu- man rights and complete personal dignity, it is neces- sary to guarantee the right to work, participation of workers in management, and the right to education, health and proper nourishment, through the adoption of measures at the national and international levels, in- cluding the establishment of the new international eco- nomic order; 8. Emphasizes that the right to development is a hu- man right and that equality of opportunity for develop- ment is as much a prerogative of nations as of individ- uals within nations; 9. Requests the Commission on Human Rights, at its thirty-sixth session, to consider the ~xisting human and other resources that the Division of Human Rights of the Secretariat has at its disposal for the implemen- tation of General Assembly resolutions, on the basis of complete data which the Secretary-General is requested to provide to it, and thereafter to make recommenda- tions, through the Economic and Social Council, to the Assembly at its thirty-fifth session, with a view to fur- ther improving the working of the Division; 4G See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 1979, Supplement No. 6 (E/1979/36), chap. IX, sect. A. 10. Requests the Secretary-General to give, through the programme of advisory services in the field of hu- man rights, priority to the holding in 1980 of a seminar, as already decided by the Economic and Social Council in its decision 1979/30, on the effect of the present un- just international economic order on the economies of developing countries and the obstacle that this consti- tutes for the implementation of human rights and funda- mental freedoms, in particular for the right to enjoy an adequate standard of living as stated in article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; 11. Requests the Secretary-General and concerned organs and bodies of the United Nations system to im- plement fully the recommendations contained in Eco- nomic and Social Council resolution 1979 /36; 12. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare, tak- ing into account relevant information already available within the United Nations, and to submit to the General Assembly at its thirty-sixth session a study on the nature and extent to which the realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms is affected by present interna- tional conditions, with particular reference to situations resulting from apartheid, from all forms of racial dis- crimination, from colonialism, neo-colonialism and im- perialism, from policies tending to divide the world into spheres of influence, from the arms race, from foreign domination and occupation, from aggression and threats against national sovereignty, national unity and terri- torial integrity, from refusal to recognize the fundamen- tal rights of peoples to self-determination and of every nation to the exercise of full sovereignty over its wealth and natural resources, from intervention and interfer- ence in the internal affairs of States, particularly with reference to developing countries, as well as from the existence of the unjust system of international economic relations, taking also into account the conclusions of the seminar mentioned in paragraph 10 above; 13. Also requests the Secretary-General to transmit the present resolution to the specialized agencies con- cerned and to all United Nations bodies that deal with human rights; 14. Further requests the Secretary-General to sub- mit to the General Assembly at its thirty-fifth session a progress report on the implementation of the present resolution; 15. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-fifth session the item entitled "Alternative ap- proaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms". 76th plenary meeting 23 November 1979 34 / 4 7. Services of the Secretariat concerned with human rights The General Assembly, Recalling the determination of the peoples of the United Nations to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, Recalling especially that one of the most important purposes of the United Nations is to achieve interna- tional co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character,

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