A/RES/34/88 GA

III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 63 (ii) Qualitative limitations on strategic offensive arms, including restrictions on the development, testing and deployment of new types of strategic offensive arms and on the modernization of ex- isting strategic offensive arms; 4. Trusts that: (a) The Treaty on the Limitation of Strategic Offen- sive Arms (SALT II) will enter into force at an early date in accordance with the provisions of article XIX thereof, inasmuch as it constitutes a vital element for the continuation and progress of the negotiations between the two States possessing the most important arsenals of nuclear weapons; (b) Such negotiations, intended to achieve, as soon as _possible, agreement on further measures for the limitation and reduction of strategic arms, will begin promptly after the entry into force of the Treaty, as provided for in article XIV thereof, with the objective of concluding well in advance of 1985 the new agreement which will replace the Treaty and which is usually re- ferred to as SALT III; 5. Trusts also that the two contracting States will implement all the above-mentioned agreements and pro- visions and do their utmost in order that the SALT III agreement may constitute an important step towards the final goal described by their respective heads of State as that of achieving the complete and total destruction of existing stockpiles of nuclear weapons and ensuring the establishment of a .world free of such weapons; 6. Invites the Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America to keep the General Assembly appropriately informed of the results of their negotiations, in conformity with the provisions of paragraphs 27 and 114 of the Final Docu- ment of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly; 7. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-fifth session an item entitled "Strategic arms limi- tation talks". 97th plenary meeting 11 December 1979 34/88. Declaration on International Co-operation for Disarmament The General Assembly, Recalling once again the affirmation in the Charter of the United Nations of the determination of the peoples of the United Nations to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war and to this end to unite their strength to maintain international peace and security, Stressing again the importance of the recommenda- tions and decisions adopted by the General Assembly at its tenth special session, devoted to disarmament, and recalling the principles proclaimed in the Final Docu- ment of that session,89 Convinced that there is an urgent need for active and combined efforts {urther to intensify the comprehensive implementation of the recommendations and decisions unanimously adopted at the tenth special session and that, to this end, a continuing and sustained effort by all States, in a more co-ordinated manner and on the basis of world-wide co-operation in the interests of security and peace, is essential, Recalling the Declaration on Principles of Interna- tional Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-opera- se Resolution S-10/2. tion among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,90 in which the General Assembly pro- claimed the duty of all States to pursue in good faith negotiations for the early conclusion of a universal treaty on general and complete disarmament and to strive to adopt appropriate measures to reduce international ten- sions and strengthen confidence among States, Stressing the inalienable right of every nation and every human being to live in peace, free from the threat of war, in freedom and independence, as was solemnly reaffirmed by the General Assembly in the Declaration on the Preparation of Societies for Life in Peace,91 the strict observance of which is in the highest interests of mankind and is an essential prerequisite for its full development, Conscious that a dynamic development of detente in all spheres of international relations throughout the world would contribute to the achievement of the aims of disarmament, Deeply disturbed by the fact that international peace and security of peoples continue to be threatened bv the arms race, particularly in the nuclear field, and the ac- cumulation of stockpiles of highly destructive weapons and that, at the same time, the continuation of the arms race conflicts with the interest of the economic develop- ment and the social and spiritual progress of mankind, Noting, in particular, that the arms race is incom- patible with and contrary to the efforts directed towards the establishment of the new international economic order, Stressing the fact that the Governments of all coun- tries, particularly of nuclear-weapon States, bear a his- toric responsibility for eliminating war from human life, primarily through the adoption of effective and decisive disarmament measures aimed at the achievement of gen- eral and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control, Noting that special responsibility for achieving gen- eral and complete disarmament, particularly nuclear dis- armament, and for averting nuclear war rests with all States possessing nuclear weapons and other militarily significant States, Proceeding from the principle that effective, construc- tive and continuing co-operation among all States based on mutual confidence and political will, irrespective of their social system and level of economic development, is essential for the achievement of disarmament and the attainment of its goals, Convinced that such co-operation must be demon- strated, developed and intensified in mutual contacts and in any forum where States conduct negotiations on disarmament, particularly in the Committee on Disarma- ment, in order that the aims of the negotiations may be achieved as speedily as possible, Convinced also that such co-operation must express a common determination by States to bring about a de- cisive shift in disarmament negotiations and, at the same time, must be sustained by the creation of a favour- able atmosphere of trust in relations among States, . !Jearing in m~nd the c~ntra! role and primary responsi- bility of the Umted Nations m promotmg the uniting of efforts and the establishment of co-operation among States aimed at the solution of disarmament problems, 90 Resolution 2625 (XXV), annex. 91 Resolution 33/73. 64 General Assembly-Thirty-fourth Se~ion I Solemnly calls upon all States actively to promote the development, strengthening and intensification of inter- national co-operation designed to achieve the goals of disarmament, as defined by the General Assembly at its tenth special session, and to this end, in particular: (a) To take initiatives aimed at eliminating the threat of nuclear war and adopting effective new meas- ures to halt and reverse the arms race and pave the way for the ultimate objective of the efforts in the disarma- ment process, namely, general and complete disarma- ment under effective international control; (b) To exercise actively their inalienable right to take part in disarmament negotiations, as confirmed in the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly; (c) To participate actively, as appropriate, in meas- ures taken in the field of disarmament, bearing in mind the interests of maintaining both international and na- tional security in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, and actively to promote such measures; (d) To conduct disarmament negotiations in good faith on all priority items concurrently, including ap- propriate confidence-building measures, with a view to ensuring that such negotiations will complement one another and will be conducive to the early achievement of a decisive break-through in the sphere of disarma- ment; (e) To make every effort to secure continuous and accelerated progress in the negotiations on halting the arms race and achieving disarmament and, to these ends, to refrain from impeding such negotiations, in particular with issues unrelated to disarmament; (f) To strive in the course of disarmament negotia- tions to ensure that they will outstrip the qualitative development and stockpiling of weapons to which the negotiations relate and, wherever possible, to prevent the emergence of new types of weapons and weapon systems, particularly weapons of mass destruction; (g) To ensure that multilateral, regional and bi- lateral negotiations on disarmament questions will be consistently conducted in accordance with the respective provisions of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session, bearing in mind that the United Nations has a central role and primary responsibility in the sphere of disarmament; (h) To develop joint efforts in achieving concrete disarmament measures whose implementation would pro- gressively enable a significant portion of the resources made available through such measures to be used for social and economic needs, thus contributing to the bridging of the economic gap between developed and developing countries, taking into account the close rela- tionship between disarmament and development; II Urges all States, with a view to improving further the international climate required for the full implementa- tion of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly and accelerating the progress of the appropriate disarmament negotiations, in particular: {a) To exert determined efforts to expedite measures and pursue policies to strengthen international peace and security and to build confidence among States with a view to reducing the danger of the outbreak of military con- flicts and facilitating decisive advance of the process of disarmament, including the creation of a favourable international atmosphere which would be conducive to the strengthening of international peace and security; (b) To take effective measures for setting in motion the security system provided for in the Charter of the United Nations and to strengthen it by eliminating ten- sions and settling disputes by peaceful means and to these ends, in particular, to refrain from seeking military superiority and from any other steps which might ad- versely affect efforts in the field of disarmament, and accordingly to refrain from using their military potential for aggressive purposes, notably the threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or polit- ical independence of any State or against peoples under colonial or foreign domination which are striving to ex- ercise their right to self-determination and the achieve- ment of independence, or for interference in the internal affairs of other States; (c) To strive consistently for the repudiation of all concepts which are based on military intimidation and policies of acting from a position of strength and which lead to the intensification or perpetuation of the arms race and the further accumulation of armaments; (d) To affirm, wherever possible, in their constitu- tional norms or by any other appropriate means, their political will and determination to promote with all their strength the cause of peace and international security and the achievement of progress in the field of dis- armament; (e) To intensify steps, both through the United Na- tions system and individually, to promote a better under- standing by world opinion of the danger of the arms race and the need for disarmament, and to ensure that world opinion will exert a positive influence on the efforts of Governments to resolve disarmament issues, utilizing to this end educational systems, the mass media and all other appropriate institutions; (f) On the basis of the principles of the Charter, to take all appropriate measures, including legislative ones, to prevent and prohibit propaganda for war and the arms race and the dissemination of views asserting their necessity or usefulness on political, economic or other grounds; (g) To take vigorous measures, individually or col- lectively, to disseminate the ideals of peace, disarma- ment, co-operation and friendly relations between peoples; III Urges all States, in implementing the common politi- cal will expressed in the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly, to strive to achieve concrete measures of disarmament and, in that connexion: (a) To be guided, in all disarmament negotiations, by the generally recognized principles of international law, as well as by their adherence to the principles of peaceful coexistence; (b) To ensure that the problems of disarmament will be solved in the spirit of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session in such a manner that, as a result of the measures adopted, no individual State or group of States may obtain advantages over others at any stage, that both the security of the States participating in the negotiations and the security of the entire international community will be strengthened and that the principle of undiminished security of each party will not be impaired; (c) To consult with one another on disarmament matters at all levels, including the highest level, in order III. Resolutim;1s adopted oq 'tJie reports. on.he First Committee 65 that, in a spirit of good will and in an ~ndeavour. t? 3. Calls upon Israel to submit all its nuclear facili- harmonize their positions, they may estabhsh the poht!- ties to inspection by the International Atomic Energy cal pre-conditions for the solution of those problems, Agency; and also, in the interests of disarmament, to make max- 4. Strongly condemns any attempt by Israel to man- imum use of all opportunities for co-operation created ufacture, acquire, store or test nuclear weapons or in- by States in other fields of their relations with one traduce them into the Middle East; another; 5. Requests the Security Council to adopt appropri- (d) To consider in a fully responsible manner and in ate measures to ensure the implementation of the rele- a spirit of co-operation all proposals and initiatives vant resolutions concerning Israeli nuclear armament; aimed at promoting the achievement of mutually accept- 6. Requests the Secretary-General, with the assist- able concrete measures of disarmament and helping to ance of qualified experts,"" to prepare a study on Israeli accelerate progress in disarmament negotiations; nuclear armament and to report to the General Assem- IV l. Declares that the provisions of the present Dec- laration are interrelated in their interpretation and im- plementation and that each of them is a component of a joint approach by States in their determination fully to respect and apply all the principles of the Final Docu- menJ of the Tenth Special Session of the General As- sembly and to develop broad international co-operation for achieving the objectives of real disarmament as de- fined by the Assembly at its tenth special session; 2. Declares further that no provision of this Decla- ration may be interpreted as contradicting the purposes and principles of the Charter or superseding the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session and that no provision of the Declaration may interfere with the im- mediate realization of the right of every State to individ- ual or collective self-defence or its legitimate right to defend its territorial integrity, to liberate its occupied territories in accordance with the Charter, or with the right of colonial or displaced peoples to struggle by every possible means for their national freedom, independence and self-determination. 34/89. 97th plenary meeting 11 December 1979 Israeli nuclear armament The General Assembly, Alarmed by the increasing information and evidence regarding Israel's activities aiming at the acquisition and development of nuclear weapons, Recalling its resolution 33/71 A of 14 December 1978 on military and nuclear collaboration with Israel, Recalling its repeated condemnation of the military and nuclear collaboration between Israel and South Africa, Reaffirming its resolutions 3263 (XXIX) of 9 De- cember 1974, 3474 (XXX) of 11 December 1975, 31/71 of 10 December 1976, 32/82 of 12 December 1977 and 33/64 of 14 December 1978 on the establish- ment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East, Convinced that the development of nuclear capability by Israel would further aggravate the already dangerous situation in the region and further threaten international peace and security, 1. Appeals to all States to put an end to any co- operation with Israel which may assist it in acquiring and developin$ nuclear weapons and also to dissuade corporations, mstitutions and individuals within their jurisdiction from any co-operation that may result in providing Israel with nuclear weapons; 2. Calls upon all States to take all necessary meas- ures to prevent the transfer to Israel of fissionable ma- terial and nuclear technology which could be used for nuclear arms; bly at its thirty-sixth session; 7. Further requests the Secretary-General to submit a progress report on the work of the group of experts to the General Assembly at its thirty-fifth session; 8. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-fifth session the item entitled "Israeli nuclear armament". 34/99. 97th plenary meeting 11 December 1979 De"elopment and strengthening of good neigh- bourliness between States The General Assembly, Bearing in mind the determination of the peoples of the United Nations as expressed in the Charter of the United Nations to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, Noting that good neighbourliness is also contained in numerous bilateral and multilateral treaties, Recalling its resolutions 1236 (XII) of 14 December 1957 and 1301 (XIII) of 10 December 1958, in which it stressed the importance of constantly promoting good neighbourly relations for the peace and security of all peoples and for the development of co-operation among States, Bearing in mind that, owing to geographic proximity, there are particularly favourable opportunities for co- operation and mutual advantage between neighbouring countries in many fields and that these opportunities should be further promoted and encouraged, in view of their positive influence on international relations as a whole, Considering that the great changes of a political, economic and social nature as well as the scientific and technological progress which have taken place in the world and led to unprecedented interdependence of na- tions have given new dimensions to good neighbourliness and increase the need to ensure its further development and its more effective implementation in the conduct of States in all fields, Convinced that the development and strengthening of good neighbourliness are likely to contribute to the solu- tion of problems between States, particularly between neighbouring ones, and to the enhancing of confidence between them, Deeply concerned at the persistence and emergence of conflicts between States, particularly neighbouring ones, which endanger the peace, security and progress of States, Considering that the generalization of the long prac- tice and certain norms of good neighbourliness is likely 92 Subsequently referred to as the Group of Experts to Pre- pare a Study on Israeli Nuclear Armament.

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