A/RES/36/103 GA

78 General Assembly-Thirty-sixth Session geographic location, level of development or political, eco- nomic, social or ideological systems; 3. Urges all States to abide strictly, in their international relations, by their commitment to the Charter and, to that end: (a) To refrain from any threat or use of force, inter- vention, interference, aggression, foreign occupation or measures of political and economic coercion which violate the sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence and se- curity of other States or their right freely to dispose of their natural resources; (b) To refrain from supporting or encouraging any such act for any reason whatsoever: (c) To reject and refuse recognition of situations brought about by any such act; 4. Calls upon all States to contribute effectively to the implementation of the Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security; 5. Urges all States, in particular the permanent mem- bers of the Security Council, to take all necessary measures to prevent the further aggravation of the international sit- uation and the disruption of the process of detente and, to this end: (a) To seek the peaceful settlement of disputes and the elimination of the focal points of crisis and tension; (b) To start serious, meaningful and effective negotia- tions on disarmament and on the halting of the arms race. particularly the nuclear-arms race, on the basis of the rec- ommendation of the General Assembly at its tenth special session; (c) To contribute to an urgent solution of international economic problems and the establishment of the new in- ternational economic order; (d) To accelerate the economic development of devel- oping countries, particularly the least developed ones; (e) To proceed without any delay to a global consid- eration of ways and means for a revival of the world econ- omy and for the restructuring of international economic relations within the framework of the global negotiations; 6. Takes note of the fact that the Security Council has failed to report to the General Assembly on steps taken to implement the provisions of paragraphs 13 and 15 of As- sembly resolution 35/158 of 12 December 1980; 7. Requests the Security Council to consider ways and means to ensure the implementation of the provisions of paragraph 5 above as well as to examine all existing mech- anisms and to propose new ones aimed at enhancing the authority and enforcement capacity of the Council in ac- cordance with the Charter, and to explore also the possibility of holding periodic meetings of the Council. in conformity with Article 28 of the Charter, at the ministerial or higher level in specific cases, so as to enable it to play a more active role in preventing potential conflicts, and to present the Council's conclusions to the General Assembly at its thirty-seventh session; 8. Reiterates the need for the Security Council, parfr:- ularly its permanent members, to ensure the effective im- plementation of its own decisions in compliance with the relevant provisions of the Charter of the United Nations; 9. Considers that respect for and promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms in their civil, political. economic, social and cultural aspects contribute to the strengthening of international peace and security; 10. Reaffirms again the legitimacy of the struggle of peoples under colonial domination, foreign occupiition or racist regimes and their inalienable right to self-determi- nation and independence, and urges Member States to in- crease their support for and solidarity with them and their national liberation movements and to take urgent and ef- fective measures for the speedy completion of the imple- mentation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples and for the final elimi- nation of colonialism, racism and apartheid; 11. Calls upon the Security Council to take appropriate effective measures to promote the fulfilment of the objective of the denuclearization of Africa in order to avert the serious danger which the nuclear capability of South Africa con- stitutes to the African States, in particular to the front-line States, as well as to international peace and security; 12. Reiterates its support for the Declaration of the In- dian Ocean as a Zone of Peace88 and expresses the hope that the Conference on the Indian Ocean, which is an im- portant stage in the realization of the objectives of that Declaration, will be held not later than in the first half of 1983 and, to this end, calls upon all States to contribute effectively to the success of that Conference; 13. Calls upon all States participating in the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, at Madrid, to take all possible measures and exert every effort in order to ensure substantial and balanced results of that meeting in the implementation of the principles and goals established by the Final Act of the Conference, signed at Helsinki on I August 1975, as well as the continuity of the multilateral process initiated by the Conference, which has great sig- nificance for the strengthening of peace and security in Eu- rope and in the world; 14. Considers that further efforts are necessary for the transformation of the Mediterranean into a zone of peace and co-operation on the basis of the principles of equal security, sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, non-intervention and non-interference, non-violation of in- ternational frontiers, non-use of force, peaceful settlement of disputes and just and viable solutions of the existing problems and crises in the area on the basis of the Charter and relevant resolutions of the United Nations, respect for sovereignty over natural resources and the right of peoples to make their own decisions independently and without any outside pressure or intimidation; 15. Calls upon all Governments to submit to this effect, before the thirty-seventh session of the General Assembly, their views on the question of the strengthening of security and co-operation in the region of the Mediterranean and requests the Secretary-General to submit the report on this question to the Assembly at its thirty-seventh session; 16. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-seventh session the item entitled ''Review of the im- plementation of the Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security". 91 st plenary meeting 9 December 1981 36/103. Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Interven- tion and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 2734 (XXV) of 16 December 1970, containing the Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security and 2131 (XX) of 21 December 1965, containing the Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Inter- vention in the Domestic Affairs of States and the Protection of Their Independence and Sovereignty, " Resolution 2832 ( XXVI). III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 79 Recalling also its resolutions 2625 (XXV) of 24 October 1970, containing the Declaration on Principles of Interna- tional Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, and 3314 (XXIX) of 14 December 1974, contain- ing the Definition of Aggression, Recalling further its resolutions 31 /91 of 14 December 1976, 32/153 of 19 December 1977, 33/74 of 15 December 1978, 34/101 of 14 December 1979 and 35/159 of 12 De- cember 1980 on non-interference in the internal affairs of States, Deeply concerned at the gravity of the international sit- uation and the increasing thre;:i.t to international peace and security owing to frequent recourse to the threat or use of force, aggression, intimidation, military intervention and occupation, escalation of military presence and all other forms of intervention or interference, direct or indirect, overt or covert, threatening the sovereignty and political inde- pendence of States, with the aim of overthrowing their Governments, Conscious of the fact that such policies endanger the political independence of States, the freedom of peoples and their permanent sovereignty over their natural resources, adversely affecting thereby the maintenance of international peace and security, Conscious of the imperative need for all foreign forces engaged in military occupation, intervention or interference to be completely withdrawn to their own territories, so that peoples under colonial domination, foreign occupation or racist regimes may freely and fully exercise their right to self-determination, in order to enable peoples of all States to administer their own affairs and determine their own political, economic and social systems without external in- terference or control, Conscious also of the imperative need to put a complete end to any threat of aggression, any recruitment, any use of armed bands, in particular mercenaries, against sovereign States, so as to enable the peoples of all States to determine their own political, economic and social systems without external interference or control, Recognizing that full observance of the principles of non- intervention and non-interference in the internal and external affairs of sovereign States and peoples, whether direct or indirect, overt or covert, is essential to the fulfilment of the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, 1. Approves the Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States, the text of which is annexed to the present resolution; 2. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure the widest dissemination of the Declaration to States, the specialized agencies and other organizations in association with the United Nations, and other appropriate bodies. ANNEX 91 st plenary meeting 9 December 1981 Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States The General Assembly, Reaffirming, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, that no State has the right to intervene directly or indirectly for any reason whatsoever in the internal and external affairs of any other State, Reaffirming further the fundamental principle of the Charter that all States have the duty not to threaten or use force against the sovereignty, political independence or territorial integrity of other States, Bearing in mind that the establishment, maintenance and strengthening of international peace and security are founded upon freedom, equality. self-determination and independence, respect for the sovereignty of States. as well as permanent sovereignty of States over their natural resources. irrespective of their political, economic or social systems or the levels of their development, Considering that full observance of the principle of non-intervention and non-interference in the internal and external affairs of States is of the greatest importance for the maintenance of international peace and security and for the fulfilment of the purposes and principles of the Charter, Reaffirming, in accordance with the Charter, the right to self-determi- nation and independence of peoples under colonial domination, foreign occupation or racist regimes, Stressing that the purposes of the United Nations can be achieved only under conditions where peoples enjoy freedom and States enjoy sovereign equality and comply fully with the requirements of these principles in their international relations, Considering that any violation of the principle of non-intervention and non-interference in the internal and external affairs of States poses a threat to the freedom of peoples, the sovereignty, political independence and territorial integrity of States and to their political, economic, social and cultural development, and also endangers international peace and security. Considering that a declaration on the inadmissibility of intervention and interference in the internal affairs of States will contribute towards the fulfilment of the purposes and principles of the Charter, Considering the provisions of the Charter as a whole and taking into account the resolutions adopted by the United Nations relating to that principle, in particular those containing the Declaration on the Strength- ening of International Security, the Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention in the Domestic Affairs of States and the Protection of Their Independence and Sovereignty, the Declaration on Principles of Interna- tional Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the Definition of Aggression, Solemnly declares that: I . No State or group of States has the right to intervene or interfere in any form or for any reason whatsoever in the internal and external affairs of other States. 2. The principle of non-intervention and non-interference in the internal and external affairs of States comprehends the following rights and duties: (a) Sovereignty, political independence, territorial integrity, na- tional unity and security of all States, as well as national identity and cultural heritage of their peoples; {b) The sovereign and inalienable right of a State freely to determine its own political, economic, cultural and social systems, to develop its international relations and to exercise permanent sovereignty over it, natural resources, in accordance with the will of its people. withou1 outside intervention, interference, subversion. coercion or threat in any form whatsoever; (c) The right of States and peoples to have free access to information and to develop fully, without interference, their system of information and mass media and to use their information media in order 10 promote their political, social, economic and cultural interests and aspirations, based, inter a/ia, on the relevant articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights89 and the principles of the new international infor- mation order; II (a) The duty of States to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force in any form whatsoever to violate the existing internationally recognized boundaries of another State. to disrupt the political, social or economic order of other States. to overthrow or change the political system of another State or its Government, to cause tension between or among States or to deprive peoples of their national identity and cultural heritage: (b) The duty of a State to ensure that its territory is not used in any manner which would violate the sovereignty, political independence. territorial integrity and national unity or disrupt the political, economic and social stability of another State: this obligation applies also to States entrusted with responsibility for territories yet to attain self-detem1ination and national independence: 89 Resolu1ion 217 A (Ill) 80 General Assembly-Thirty-sixth Session (c) The duty of a State to refrain from armed intervention, subver- sion, military occupation or any other form of intervention and inter- ference, overt or covert, directed at another State or group of States, or any act of military, political or economic interference in the internal affairs of another State, including acts of reprisal involving the use of force: (d) The duty of a State to refrain from any forcible action which deprives peoples under colonial domination or foreign occupation of their right to self-determination, freedom and independence; (e) The duty of a State to refrain from any action or attempt in whatever form or under whatever pretext to destabilize or to undermine the stability of another State or of any of its institutions: (f) The duty of a State to refrain from the promotion, encouragement or support, direct or indirect, of rebellious or secessionist activities within other States, under any pretext whatsoever, or any action which seeks to disrupt the unity or to undermine or subvert the political order of other States; (g) The duty of a State to prevent on its territory the training, fi- nancing and recruitment of mercenaries, or the sending of such mer- cenaries into the territory of another State, and to deny facilities, including financing, for the equipping and transit of mercenaries: (h) The duty of a State to refrain from concluding agreements with other States designed to intervene or interfere in the internal and external affairs of third States; (i) The duty of States to refrain from any measure which would lead to the strengthening of existing military blocs or the creation or strength- ening of new military alliances, interlocking arrangements, the deploy- ment of interventionist forces or military bases and other related military installations conceived in the context of great-Power confrontation: U) The duty of a State to abstain from any defamatory campaign, vilification or hostile propaganda for the purpose of intervening or in- terfering in the internal affairs of other States: (k) The duty of a State, in the conduct of its international relations in the economic, social, technical and trade fields, to refrain from meas- ures which would constitute interference or intervention in the internal or external affairs of another State, thus preventing it from determining freely its political, economic and social development; this includes, inter alia, the duty of a Stat~ not to use its external economic assistance programme or adopt any multilateral or unilateral economic reprisal or blockade and to prevent the use of transnational and multinational cor- porations under its jurisdiction and control as instruments of political pressure or coercion against another State, in violation of the Charter of the United Nations; (I) The duty of a State to refrain from the exploitation and the distortion of human rights issues as a means of interference in the internal affairs of States, of exerting pressure on other States or creating distrust and disorder within and among States or groups of States; (m) The duty of a State to refrain from using terrorist practices as state policy against another State or against peoples under colonial dom- ination, foreign occupation or racist regimes and to prevent any assist- ance to or use of or tolerance of terrorist groups. saboteurs or subversive agents against third States; (n) The duty of a State to refrain from organizing, training, financing and arming political and ethnic groups on their territories or the territories of other States for the purpose of creating subversion, disorder or unrest in other countries; (o) The duty of a State to refrain from any economic, political or military activity in the territory of another State without its consent: III (a) The right and duty of States to participate actively on the basis of equality in solving outstanding international issues, thus actively contributing to the removal of causes of conflict and interference: (b) The right and duty of States fully to support the right to self- determination, freedom and independence of peoples under colonial domination, foreign occupation or racist regimes. as well as the right of these peoples to wage both political and armed struggle to that end. in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter: (c) The right and duty of States to observe, promote and defend all human rights and fundamental freedoms within their own national ter- ritories and to work for the elimination of massive and flagrant violations of the rights of nations and peoples. and, in particular, for the elimination of apartheid and all forms of racism and racial discrimination: (d) The right and duty of States to combat, within their constitutional prerogatives. the dissemination of false or distorted news which can be interpreted as interference in the internal affairs of other States or as being harmful to the promotion of peace. co-operation and friendly relations among States and nations: ( e) The right and duty of States not to recognize situations brought about by the threat or use of force or acts undertaken in contravention of the principle of non-intervention and non-interference. .1 The rights and duties set out in this Declaration are interrelated and are in accordance with the Charter. 4. Nothing in this Declaration shall prejudice in any manner the right to self-determination. freedom and independence of peoples under colonial domination, foreign occupation or racist regimes. and the right to seek and receive support in accordance with the purposes and prin- ciples of the Charter. 5. Nothing in this Declaration shall prejudice in any manner the provisions of the Charter. 6 Nothing in this Declaration shall prejudice action taken by the United Nations under Chapters VI and VII of the Charter. 36/104. Implementation of the Declaration on the Preparation of Societies for Life in Peace The General Assembl_v, Recalling the Declaration on the Preparation of Societies for Life in Peace, contained in its resolution 33/73 of 15 December 1978, Taking note with appreciation of the report of the Secretary-General, 'Kl Reaffirming the lasting importance of the preparation of societies for life in peace as part of all constructive efforts at shaping relations among States and strengthening inter- national peace and security, A ware of the paramount value of positive moulding of human consciousness for the fulfilment of the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, I. Solemnly invites all States to intensify their efforts towards the implementation of the Declaration on the Prep- aration of Societies for Life in Peace by strictly observing the principles enshrined in the Declaration and taking all necessary steps towards that end at the national and inter- national levels; 2. Reiterates its appeal for concerted action on the part of Governments, the United Nations and the specialized agencies, in particular the United Nations Educational, Sci- entific and Cultural Organization, as well as other interested international and national organizations, both governmental and non-governmental, to give tangible effect to the supreme importance and need of establishing, maintaining and strengthening a just and durable peace for present and future generations; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to continue following the progress made in the implementation of the Declaration and to submit a report thereon to the General Assembly not later than at its thirty-ninth session. "" A/16/386 and Add. 1-3 91 st plenary meeting 9 December 1981

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