A/RES/36/175 GA

110 General Assembly-Thirty-sixth Session (XXX) of 15 December 1975, 31/186 of21 December 1976, 32/161 of 19 December 1977 and 35/110 of 5 December 1980 on permanent sovereignty over national resources in the occupied Arab territories, Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on permanent sovereignty over national resources in the oc- cupied Arab territories,68 requested by the General Assem- bly in its resolution 35/110, and noting with satisfaction the mission undertaken in preparation of that report, l. Condemns Israel for its refusal to allow the United Nations consultants on national resources access to the oc- cupied Palestinian and other Arab territories, 2. Emphasizes the right of the Arab States and peoples whose territories are under Israeli occupation to full and effective permanent sovereignty and control over their nat- ural and all other resources, wealth and economic activities; 3. Reaffirms that all measures undertaken by Israel to exploit the human, natural and all other resources, wealth and economic activities in the occupied Palestinian and other Arab territories are illegal and calls upon Israel to desist immediately from such measures; 4. Further reaffirms the right of the Arab States and peoples subjected to Israeli aggression and occupation to the restitution of, and full compensation for the exploitation, depletion and loss of and damages to, their natural, human and all other resources, wealth and economic activities, and calls upon Israel to meet their just claims; 5. Calls upon all States to support the Arab States and peoples in the exercise of those rights; 6. Calls upon all States, international organizations, specialized agencies, business corporations and all other institutions not to recognize, or co-operate with or assist in any manner in, any measures undertaken by Israel to exploit the national resources of the occupied Palestinian and other Arab territories or to effect any changes in the demographic composition, the character and form of use of their natural resources or the institutional structure of those territories; 7. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare and submit to the General Assembly at its thirty-seventh session a com- prehensive report on permanent sovereignty over national resources in the occupied Palestinian and other Arab terri- tories, including Jerusalem, and to make proposals for fol- low-up and implementation; 8. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare and submit to the General Assembly at its thirty-eighth session a report on the implications, under international law, of the United Nations resolutions on permanent sovereignty over natural resources, on the occupied Palestinian and other Arab ter- ritories and on the obligations of Israel concerning its con- duct in these territories. 103rd plenary meeting 17 December /981 36/174. Co-operation between the United Nations and the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co- operation The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 33/18 of 10 November 1978, by which it accorded observer status to the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation, Recalling also Economic and Social Council decision 190 (LXI) of 5 August 1976, by which the Council had desig- nated the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation 68 A/36/648. to participate on an ad hoe basis in the deliberations of the Council on questions within the scope of its activities, Noting with satisfaction the desire expressed by the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation to establish close co-operation with the United Nations in all fields of common interest, in particular training, desertification con- trol, science and technology for development, new and re- newable sources of energy and technical co-operation among developing countries, Recognizing the importance of those sectors, l. Welcomes the participation of the Agency for Cul- tural and Technical Co-operation in the work of the United Nations in fields of common interest; 2. Recognizes the necessity of strengthening co-oper- ation between the United Nations and the Agency for Cul- tural and Technical Co-operation; 3. Requests the Secretary-General of the United Na- tions, in collaboration with the Secretary-General of the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation, to ex- amine proposals by the Agency aimed at reinforcing co- operation with the United Nations and to submit a report thereon through the Economic and Social Council to the General Assembly at its thirty-seventh session. 103rd plenary meeting 17 December /981 36/175. Specific action related to the particular needs and problems of land-locked developing countries The General Assembly, Reiterating the specific actions related to the particular needs of the land-locked developing countries stated in res- olutions 63 (III) of 19 May 1972,69 98 (IV) of 31 May 197670 and 123 (V) of 3 June 197971 of the United Nations Conference on Trade and D~velopment, Recalling the provisions of its resolutions 31/ 157 of 21 December 1976, 32/191 of 19 December 1977, 33/150 of 20 December 1978, 34/198 of 19 December 1979 and 35/ 58 of 5 December 1980 and other resolutions of the United Nations relating to the particular needs and problems of land-locked developing countries, Bearing in mind various other resolutions adopted by the General Assembly, its related organs and the specialized agencies, emphasizing special and urgent measures in fa- vour of land-locked developing countries, Recalling the relevant provisions of the International Development Strategy for the Third United Nations Devel- opment Decade,72 Recognizing that the lack of territorial access to the sea, aggravated by remoteness and isolation from world markets, and the prohibitive transit, transport and trans-shipment costs impose serious constraints on the socio-economic de- velopment of land-locked developing countries, Noting with concern that the measures taken so far in favour of land-locked developing countries and the assist- ance given fall far short of their needs, 69 See Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Third Session, vol. I, Report and Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.73.11.D.4), annex I.A. 10 Ibid., Fourth Session, vol. I, Report and Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No. E. 76.11.D.10 and corrigendum), part one, sect. A. 71 Ibid., Fifth Session, vol. I, Report and Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.79.11.D.14), part one, sect. A. 72 Resolution 35/56, annex. V. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Second Committee 111 1. Reaffirms the right of land-locked developing coun- tries to free access to and from the sea and their right to freedom of transit; 2. Appeals to all States, international organizations and financial institutions to implement, as a matter of urgency and priority, the specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of land-locked developing countries envisaged in resolutions 63 (III), 98 (IV) and 123 (V) of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, in the International Development Strategy for the Third United Nations Development Decade, in the Substantial New Programme of Action for the 1980s for the least de- veloped countries73 and in other relevant resolutions of the United Nations; 3. Urges all donor countries, as well as others in a position to do so, and the international organizations con- cerned, to provide land-locked developing countries with appropriate financial and technical assistance in the form of grants or concessional loans for the construction and improvement of their transport and transit infrastructures and facilities; 4. Urges also the international community and multi- lateral and bilateral financial institutions to intensify efforts in raising the net flow of resources to land-locked developing countries to help offset the adverse effects of their disad- vantageous geographical situation on their economic de- velopment efforts, in keeping with the over-all development needs of each land-locked developing country; 5. Invites the transit countries to co-operate effectively with the land-locked developing countries in harmonizing transport planning and promoting other joint ventures in the field of transport at the regional, subregional and bilateral levels; 6. Commends the United Nations Development Pro- gramme, the United Nations Conference on Trade and De- velopment and other United Nations agencies for their work and the assistance they have provided to the land-locked developing countries and invites them to continue to take appropriate and effective measures to respond to the specific needs of those countries; 7. Invites the international community to give financial support to interested transit and land-locked developing countries in the construction of alternative routes to the sea; 8. Recommends continued and intensified activities re- lating to the conducting of necessary studies and the im- plementation of special actions and action programmes for the land-locked developing countries, including those in the area of economic co-operation among developing countries, as well as those that have been envisaged in the programme of work of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the regional commissions and other pro- grammes and activities at the regional and subregional levels. /03rd plenary meeting 17 December 1981 36/176. Expansion of the conference facilities of the Economic Commission for Africa The General Assembly, Recalling Economic and Social Council resolution 1981 / 65 of 24 July 1981, Recalling also that the Economic Commission for Africa was established at Addis Ababa in 1958 and that its con- 13 Report of the United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, Paris, 1-14 September 1981 (United Nations publication. Sale, No. E.82.1.8), part one, sect. A. ference facilities, which were donated to the United Nations by the Government of Ethiopia, were designed to service the limited number of African countries that were States Members of the United Nations in the late 1950s and early 1960s, Noting with satisfaction the increase in the number of independent States in Africa as a result of decolonization, Noting further that there are at present fifty African States Members of the United Nations and that there is the prospect that more will be admitted to membership in the United Nations, Mindful of the heavy responsibilities entrusted in the pres- ent decade to the Economic Commission for Africa as the main centre for the promotion of the economic development of Africa, in general. and for the implementation of the Lagos Plan of Action for the Implementation of the Mon- rovia Strategy for the Economic Development of Africa, in particular. which the Assembly of Heads of State and Gov- ernment of the Organization of African Unity adopted at its second extraordinary session, held at Lagos on 28 and 29 April 1980. 74 Noting that the present conference facilities at the head- quarters of the Economic Commission for Africa are be- lieved to be inadequate in relation to the needs of the large number of African States that have become members of the Commission since its establishment and the growing number of international, intergovernmental and regional organiza- tions participating in conferences there, I. Requests the Secretary-General to undertake, as a matter of urgency, a study of the adequacy of the conference facilities at the headquarters of the Economic Commission for Africa to meet the demands thereon as a result of the enlarged membership and increased activities of the Commission; 2. Further requests the Secretary-General to report the findings of the study together with his suggestions, through the Economic Commission for Africa at its seventeenth ses- sion and the Economic and Social Council at its second regular session of 1982, to the General Assembly at its thirty-seventh session. 103rd plenary meeting 17 December 1981 36/177. Transport and Communications Decade in Africa The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 32/ I 60 of 19 December 1977, 33/ 197 of 29 January I 979 and 34/ 15 of 9 November 1979 on the Transport and Communications Decade in Africa and. in particular, its resolution 35/108 of 5 December 1980, by which it approved the organization of consultative tech- nical meetings for the various African subregions, Recalling Economic and Social Council resolutions 1979/ 61 of 3 August 1979, 1980/46 of 23 July 1980 and 1981 / 67 of 24 July 198 I on the Transport and Communications Decade in Africa, Recalling also resolution 341 (XIV) adopted on 27 March 1979 by the Conference of Ministers of the Economic Com- mission for Africa at its fifth meeting,75 in which the Con- ference urged member States to give high priority to the development of transport and communications, Recalling further resolution CM/Res. 738 (XXXlll) adopted by the Council of Ministers of the Organization of African ' 4 A/S-11114. annex I ·, See Official Rffords of th,· Iiconormc and Social Co1111cil, /979, .\upplemn11 No 15 (E!l<J79i50). part two. sect I)

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