A/RES/36/84 GA

54 General Assembly-Thirty-sixth Session ommended for use and that the first national reports have been received this year, Emphasizing the value of a full implementation of such a reporting instrument and of its further refinement as a means to increase confidence between States by contributing to greater openness in military matters, which is particularly important for arriving at international agreements to reduce military expenditures, Reaffirming also its conviction that the reporting of mil- itary data and the examination of problems concerning com- parability and verification have the fundamental objective of making possible the conclusion of international agree- ments to reduce military expenditures, Taking note with appreciation of the first report of the Secretary-General on these matters, 6 Considering that the activities r~lated to the reporting of military expenditures as well as to the questions of com- parability and verification and other current activities within the framework of the United Nations related to the question of the reduction of military budgets should be regarded as having the fundamental objective of reaching international agreements on the reduction of military expenditures, 1. Stresses the need to increase the number of reporting States with a view to the broadest possible participation from different geographic regions and representing different budgeting systems; 2. Reiterates its recommendation that all Member States should make use of the reporting instrument and report annually, by 30 April, to the Secretary-General their military expenditures of the latest fiscal year for which data are available; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to examine ways and means to make the collection and assembling of data on military expenditures, reported by States on the basis of the reporting instrument, an integral part of the regular United Nations statistical services and to arrange and publish these data according to statistical practice; 4. Also requests the Secretary-General to include these matters in his next annual report on military budgets to the General Assembly. 36/83. 9 I st plenary meeting 9 December 198 I Implementation of General Assembly resolution 35/143 concerning the signature and ratification of Additional Protocol I of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin Amer- ica (Treaty of Tlatelolco) The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions, 2286 (XXII) of 5 December 1967, 3262 (XXIX) of 9 December 1974, 3473 (XXX) of 11 December 1975, 32/76 of 12 December 1977, S-10/2 of 30 June 1978, 33/58 of 14 December 1978, 34/71 of 11 December 1979 and 35/143 of 12 December 1980 concern- ing the signature and ratification of Additional Protocol I of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco),7 Taking into account that within the zone or application of that Treaty, to which twenty-two sovereign States are already parties, there are some territories which, in spite of not being sovereign political entities, are nevertheless in a position to receive the benefits deriving from the Treaty through its Additional Protocol 1, to which the States that de jure or de facto are internationally responsible for those territories may become parties, Recalling with satisfaction that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Netherlands be- came parties to Additional Protocol I in 1969 and 1971, respectively, Noting with satisfaction that the United States of America likewise became a party to Additional Protoco! I on 23 November 1981, when its instrument of ratification was deposited, 1. Regrets that the signature of Additional Protocol I by France, which took place on 2 March 1979, has not yet been followed by the corresponding ratification, notwith- standing the time already elapsed and the pressing invita- tions addressed to France by the General Assembly and which it reiterates with special urgency in the present resolution; 2. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-seventh session an item entitled • 'Implementation of General Assembly resolution 36/83 concerning the signature and ratification of Additional Protocol I of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco)". 91 st plenary meeting 9 December 1981 36/84. Cessation of all test explosions of nuclear weapons The General Assembly, Bearing in mind that the complete cessation of nuclear- weapon tests, which has been examined for more than twenty-five years and on which the General Assembly has adopted more than forty resolutions, is a basic objective of the United Nations in the sphere of disarmament, to whose attainment it has repeatedly assigned the highest priority, Stressing that on seven different occasions it has con- demned such tests in the strongest terms and that, since 1974, it has stated its conviction that the continuance of nuclear-weapon !~sting will intensify the arms race, thus increasing the danger of nuclear war, Reiterating the assertion made in several previous reso- lutions that, whatever may be the differences on the question of verification, there is no valid reason for delaying the conclusion of an agreement on a comprehensive test ban, Recalling that since 1972 the Secretary-General has de- clared that all the technical and scientific aspects of the problem have been so fully explored that only a political decision is now necessary in order to achieve final agree- ment, that when the existing means of verification are taken into account it is difficult to understand further delay in achieving agreement on an underground test ban, and that the potential risks of continuing underground nuclear- weapon tests would far outweigh any possible risks from ending such tests, Recalling also that the Secretary-General, in his foreword to the report entitled ''Comprehensive nuclear-test ban'', 8 reiterated with special emphasis the opinion he expressed nine years ago and, after specifically referring to it, added: ''I still hold that belief. The problem can and should be solved now'', Noting that in the same report, which was prepared in compliance with General Assembly decision 34/422 of 11 December 1979. the experts emphasized that non-nuclear- III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 55 weapon States in general have come to regard the achieve- ment of a comprehensive test ban as a litmus test of the determination of the nuclear-weapon States to halt the arms race, adding that verification of compliance no longer seems to be an obstacle to reaching agreement, Taking into account that the three nuclear-weapon States which act as depositaries of the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water9 undertook in that Treaty, almost twenty years ago, to seek the achievement of the discontinuance of all test explosions of nuclear weapons for all time and that such an undertaking was explicitly reiterated in 1968 in the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, JO Recalling that in its resolution 35/145 A of 1_2 Decem~r 1980 it urged all States members of the Committee on Dts- annament to support the establishment by the Committee, from the beginning of its session in 1981, of an ad hoe working group which should start the multilateral negotia- tions of a treaty for the prohibition of all nuclear-weapon tests, Deploring that the Committee on Disarmament, as stated in paragraph 44 of its report to the Assembly, 11 was pre- vented from responding to that exhortation owing to the negative attitude of two nuclear-weapon States, l. Reiterates once again its grave concern that nuclear- weapon testing continues unabated against the wishes of the overwhelming majority of Member States; 2. Reaffirms its conviction that a treaty to achieve the prohibition of all ~uclear-weapon-test _explosio~s . by all States for all time is a matter of the highest pnonty and constitutes a vital element for the success of efforts to pre- vent both vertical and horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons and a contribution to nuclear disarmament; 3. Urges all States that have not yet done so to adhere without further delay to the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water and, meanwhile, to refrain from testing in the environments covered by that Treaty; 4. Urges likewise all States members of the Committee on Disarmament: (a) To bear in mind that the consensus rule should not be used in such a manner as to prevent the establishment of subsidiary bodies for the effective discharge of the func- tions of the Committee; (b) To support the establishment by the Committee, from the beginning of its session in 1982, of an ad hoe working group which should start the multilateral negotia- tions of a treaty for the prohibition of all nuclear-weapon tests; (c) To exert their best endeavours in order that the Com- mittee may transmit the multilaterally negotiated text of such a treaty to the General Assembly at its second special session devoted to disarmament, to be held from 7 June to 9 July 1982; 5. Calls upon the States depositaries of the Treaty Ban- ning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water and the Treaty on the Non-Prolif- eration of Nuclear Weapons, by virtue of their special re- sponsibilities under those two treaties and as a provisional measure, to bring to a halt without delay all nuclear-test explosions, either through a trilaterally agreed moratorium or through three unilateral moratoria; • United Nations. Treaty Series, vol. 480. No. 6964, p. 43. 10 Resolution 2373 (XXII), annex. 11 Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-sixth Session, Sup- plement No. 27 (A/36/27). 6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-seventh session the item entitled • 'Cessation of all test explosions of nuclear weapons''. 36/85. 91 st plenary meeting 9 December I 98 I Implementation of General Assembly resolution 35/145 B The General Assembly, Recalling its previous resolutions on a comprehensive nuclear-test ban, in particular resolution 32/78 of 12 De- cember 1977, paragraph 51 of resolution S-10/2 of 30 June 1978, resolution 33/60 of 14 December 1978, section IV of resolution 33/71 H of 14 December 1978, resolution 34/73 of 11 December 1979 and resolution 35/145 B of 12 December 1980, Reaffirming its conviction that it is in the interest of all people that nuclear-weapon testing by all States in all en- vironments should cease, as this would be a major step towards ending the qualitative improvement, development and proliferation of nuclear weapons, a means of relieving the deep apprehension concerning the harmful consequences of radioactive contamination for the health of present and future generations and a measure of the utmost importance in bringing the nuclear-arms race to an end, Recalling that the parties to the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water12 and the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 13 expressed their determination in those treaties to continue negotiations to achieve the discontinuance of all test explosions of nuclear weapons for all time, Expressing the belief that, to be effective and capable of attracting the widest possible adherence, a treaty prohibiting nuclear testing should include provision for an effective verification system, Recognizing, accordingly, the importance to such a treaty of the work assigned by the Committee on Disannament to the Ad Hoe Group of Scientific Experts to Consider Inter- national Co-operative Measures to Detect and Identify Seismic Events on a global network of stations for the exchange of seismological data, Deeply concerned about the fact that thP- three negotiating nuclear-weapon States have not resumed their negotiations on a treaty prohibiting nuclear-test explosions in all envi- ronments and its protocol covering nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes, Emphasizing the urgent need for a complete cessation of the testing of nuclear weapons, Recognizing the indispensable role of the Committee on Disarmament in the negotiation of a comprehensive test-ban treaty capable of attracting the widest possible international support and adherence. Expressing regret that it did not prove possible for the Committee on Disarmament to commence negotiations on such a treaty, Convinced that the proceedings of the second special ses- sion of the General Assembly devoted to disarmament, to be held from 7 June to 9 July 1982, would benefit substan- tially from positive progress towards the conclusion of such a treaty, I. Reiterates its grave concern that, despite the express wishes of the overwhelming majority of Member States. nuclear-weapon testing continues unabated; " United Nations. Treatv Series. vol. 480. No. 6964. p. 43. 1.1 Resolution 2373 (XXII). annex.

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