A/RES/37/183 GA

VI. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Third Committee 203 to follow developments and to recommend to the parties concerned ways and means of overcoming the pending pro­ cedural difficulties of the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus and, in co-operation with the Committee, to facil­ itate the effective implementation of its investigative work on the basis of the existing relevant agreements; 2. Calls upon all parties concerned to facilitate such investigation in a spirit of co-operation and good will; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to pro­ vide his good offices with a view to facilitating the work of the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus. I 10th plenary meeting 17 December 1982 37/182. Summary or arbitrary executions The General Assembly, Recalling the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 118 which states that every human being has the right to life, liberty and security of person and that everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law, Recalling also its resolution 34/ l 7 5 of 17 December 1979, in which it reaffinned that mass and flagrant violations of human rights are of special concern to the United Nations and urged the Commission on Human Rights to take timely and effective action in existing and future cases of mass and flagrant violations of human rights, Recalling further its resolution 36/22 of 9 November 1981 , in which it condemned the practice of summary or arbitrary executions, Deeply alarmed at the occurrence on a large scale of summary or arbitrary executions, including extra-legal executions, Taking note of resolution 1982/13 of 7 September 1982 of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities126 in which the Sub-Commission recommended that effective measures should be adopted to prevent the occurrence of summary or arbitrary executions, Convinced of the need for appropriate action to combat and eventually eliminate this practice, which represents a flagrant violation of the most fundamental human right, the right to life, 1. Welcomes Economic and Social Council resolution 1982/35 of 7 May 1982, in which it was decided to appoint for one year a special rapporteur to examine the questions related to summary or arbitrary executions and to submit to the Commission on Human Rights, at its thirty-ninth ses­ sion, a comprehensive report on the occurrence and extent of the practice of such executions, together with his con­ clusions and recommendations; 2. Requests all Governments to co-operate with and to assist the Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights in the preparation of his report; 3. Requests the Commission on Human Rights at its thirty-ninth session, on the basis of the report of the Special Rapporteur to be prepared in confonnity with Economic and Social Council resolution 1982/35, to make recommenda­ tions concerning appropriate action to combat and eventu­ ally eliminate the practice of summary or arbitrary executions. I 10th plenary meeting 17 December 1982 126 See E/CN.4/!983/4-E/CN.4/Sub.211982/43 and Corr. I, chap. XXI, sect. A. 37/183. Situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Chile The General Assembly, Aware of its responsibility to promote and encourage respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all and detennined to remain vigilant with regard to violations of human rights wherever they occur, Emphasizing the obligation of Governments to protect and promote human rights and to carry out the responsi­ bilities they have undertaken with respect to the various international instruments, Recalling its resolutions 3219 (XXIX) of 6 November 1974, 3448 (XXX) of 9 December 1975, 31/124 of 16 December 1976, 32/118 of 16 December 1977, 33/175 of 20 December 1978, 34/179 of 17 December 1979, 35/188 of 15 December 1980 and 36/157 of 16 December 1981, all related to the situation of human rights in Chile, as well as its resolution 33/173 of 20 December 1978 on disappeared persons, Recalling also the resolutions of the Commission on Hu­ man Rights dealing with the human rights situation in Chile, in particular resolution 1982/25 of 10 March 1982, 124 by which the Commission decided, inter alia, to extend the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Chile, Deploring the fact that the Chilean authorities have con­ sistently refused to co-operate with the Commission on Hu­ man Rights and its Special Rapporteur, Expressing its deepest concern at the total lack of im­ provement in the human rights situation in Chile, as shown by the Special Rapporteur in his report, 127 Noting with increasing concern that the Chilean author­ ities continue to ignore the repeated appeals of the inter­ national community, made through a number of resolutions of the General Assembly, the Commission on Human Rights and various other international organs, Reiterating its deep concern at the lack of infonnation concerning the numerous persons who have disappeared in Chile for political reasons and at the fact that the Chilean authorities have not taken urgent and effective measures to investigate and clarify the fate of those persons, Noting with great concern that the Constitution promul­ gated by the Chilean authorities on 11 March 1981 repre­ sents the institutionalization of the state of exception, with grave prejudice to the civil and political rights of the Chilean people and serious limitations to their economic, social and cultural rights, I . Commends the Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in Chile for his report, submitted in accordance with resolution 1982/25 of the Commission on Human Rights; 2. Reiterates its grave concern at the persistence of serious and systematic violations of human rights in Chile, as described by the Special Rapporteur, in particular at the subversion of the traditional democratic legal order and its institutions, through the maintenance and widening of emer­ gency and exceptional legislation and the promulgation of a Constitution which does not reflect a freely expressed popular will and the provisions of which suppress, suspend or restrict the enjoyment and the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms; 3. Reiterates also its deep concern at the inefficacy of the recourse of habeas corpus or amparo in view of the fact that the judiciary in Chile does not exercise its functions fully in this respect, except with considerable restrictions; 127 N37i564. 204 General Assembly-Thirty-seventh Session 4. Once more urgently requests the Chilean authorities to respect and promote human rights in conformity with the obligations undertaken under various international instru­ ments and, in particular, to adopt the concrete measures contemplated in resolution 1982/25 of the Commission on Human Rights, especially the lifting of the state of emer­ gency and the state of exception and the re-establishment of democratic institutions, by ensuring the full enjoyment and exercise of the civil and political rights as well as the economic, social and cultural rights and fundamental free­ doms of the Chilean people, as provided in those interna­ tional instruments; 5. Urges once more the Chilean authorities to investi­ gate and clarify the fate of all persons who have disappeared in Chile for political reasons, to inform their families of the results of such investigation and to punish those responsible for the disappearance; 6. Further urges again the Chilean authorities to restore the full enjoyment of trade union rights, in particular the right to organize trade unions, the right to collective bar­ gaining and the right to strike; 7. Urges the Chilean authorities to respect, in conform­ ity with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 119 the right of Chilean nationals to live in and freely enter and leave Chilean territory, without restrictions or conditions of any kind, and to cease the practice of "rel­ egation" (assignment of forced residence) and forced exile, in particular of those who participate in trade union activ­ ities, academic life or the defence of human rights; 8. Also urges the Chilean authorities to put an end to arbitrary detentions and imprisonment in secret places and the practice of torture and other forms of inhuman or de­ grading treatment which have resulted on occasion in unex­ plained deaths; 9. Requests the Chilean authorities to respect fully the economic, social and cultural rights of the Chilean popu­ lation in general and of the indigenous population in particular; 10. Concludes, on the basis of the report of the Special Rapporteur, that it is necessary to keep under consideration the situation of human rights in Chile; 11. Calls again on the Chilean authorities to co-operate with the Commission on Human Rights and its Special Rap­ porteur and to submit commentaries on his report to the Commission on Human Rights at its thirty-ninth session; 12. Requests the Commission on Human Rights to study in depth the report of the Special Rapporteur at its thirty­ ninth session, with a view to taking the most appropriate steps, in particular the extension of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur, and report on its consideration, through the Economic and Social Council, to the General Assembly at its thirty-eighth session. I 10th plenary meeting 17 December /982 37 /184. Situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Guatemala The General Assembly. Reiterating that the Governments of all Member States have an obligation to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms, Recalling Commission on Human Rights resolution 1982/ 31 of 11 March 1982, 124 in which the Commission expressed its profound concern at the continuing deterioration in the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Gua- temala under the previous regime and in which it requested its Chairman to appoint a Special Rapporteur, Taking into account General Assembly decision 36/435 of 16 December 1981 , Expressing its satisfaction at the declared willingness of the present Government of Guatemala to co-operate with the Special Rapporteur to be appointed pursuant to Com­ mission on Human Rights resolution 1982/31 with a man­ date to make a thorough study of the human rights situation in Guatemala, Taking note of resolution 1982/ l 7 of 7 September 1982 of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, 126 in which the Sub-Commission expressed alarm at reports of massive repression against and displacement of indigenous populations, Disturbed about the large number of missing persons, who, despite appeals from various international organiza­ tions to the Government of Guatemala, remain unaccounted for, Noting with concern the state of siege in force in Gua­ temala since l July 1982, under which basic human rights are abrogated and serious violations of human rights are reported to occur, l. Expresses its deep concern at the serious violations of human rights reported to be taking place in Guatemala, particularly those reports of widespread repression, kill­ ing and massive displacement of rural and indigenous populations; 2. Urges the Government of Guatemala to ensure that human rights and fundamental freedoms are fully respected by all its authorities and agencies, including its security forces; 3. Appeals to the Government of Guatemala to allow international humanitarian organizations to give their assist­ ance to those displaced; 4. Appeals also to all parties concerned in Guatemala to seek an end to all acts of violence; 5. Calls upon Governments to refrain from supplying arms and other military assistance as long as serious human rights violations in Guatemala continue to be reported; 6. Invites the Government of Guatemala and other par­ ties concerned to co-operate with the Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights; 7. Requests the Commission on Human Rights to study carefully the report of its Special Rapporteur and to consider, in the light of that report, further steps for securing human rights and fundamental freedoms for all in Guatemala. I 10th plenary meeting 17 December 1982 37/185. Situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in El Salvador The General Assembly. Guided by the principles embodied in the Charter of the United Nations and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 118 Conscious of its responsibility in all circumstances to promote and encourage respect for human rights and fun­ damental freedoms for all, Reiterating that the Governments of all Member States have an obligation to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms and to carry out the responsibilities they have undertaken under various international human rights instruments,

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