A/RES/39/145 GA

VI. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Third Committee 233 of resolution 3 7 / 198 and that a meeting of heads of national drug law enforcement agencies is convened in 1986; I I. Also requests the Secretary-General to make the necessary arrangements for holding, within the framework of advisory services, interregional seminars to study the experience gained by the United Nations system, in partic- ular by the United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control, and by Member States in integrated rural development programmes for replacing illegal crops; 12. Calls upon the specialized agencies and all other relevant bodies of the United Nations system to partici- pate actively in the implementation of the present resolution; 13. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its fortieth session on the implemen- tation of the present resolution; 14. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its fortieth session the item entitled "International campaign against traffic in drugs". IOI st plenary meeting I 4 December I 984 39/144. National institutions for the protection and promotion of human rights The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 32/ l 23 of 16 December 1977, 33/46 of 14 December 1978, 34/49 of 23 November 1979, 36/ I 34 of 14 December 1981 and 38/ 123 of 16 December 1983, Mindful of the guidelines on the structure and function- ing of national and local institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights, endorsed by the General Assembly in its resolution 33/46, Mindful also of the need to create conditions, at the national, regional and international levels, for the protec- tion and promotion of human rights, Emphasizing the importance of the Universal Declara- tion of Human Rights,215 the International Covenants on Human Rights216 and other international human rights instruments for promoting respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Conscious of the significant role which institutions at the national level can play in protecting and promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms and in developing and enhancing public awareness and observance of those rights and freedoms, I. Takes note with appreciation of the report of the Secretary-General; 21 7 2. Emphasizes the importance of the integrity and independence of national institutions for the protection and promotion of human rights, in accordance with national legislation; 3. Draws attention to the constructive role that national non-governmental organizations can play in the work of such national institutions; 4. Encourages all Member States to take appropriate steps for the establishment or, where they already exist, the strengthening of national institutions for the protection and promotion of human rights; 5. Invites all Member States to take appropriate steps to disseminate the texts of human rights instruments, 215 Resolution 217 A (III). 2 I 6 Resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex. including international covenants and conventions, in their respective national or local languages, in order to give the widest possible publicity to these instruments; 6. Recommends that all Member States should consid- er including in their educational curricula material rele- vant to a comprehensive understanding of human rights issues; 7. Also recommends that all Member States should take appropriate steps to encourage the exchange of experi- ence in the establishment of national institutions; 8. Requests the Secretary-General, in carrying out public information activities in the field of human rights, to give due attention to the role of national institutions and non-governmental organizations concerned with the protection and promotion of human rights; 9. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all neces- sary assistance to Member States, upon their request, in the implementation of paragraph 5 above, according high priority to the needs of developing countries; 10. Requests the Secretary-General to continue and, as appropriate, increase assistance in the field of human rights to Governments, at their request, within the frame- work of the programme of advisory services in the field of human rights; 11. Also requests the Secretary-General, in the light of his reports and of further information received, to prepare and submit to the General Assembly, through the Com- mission on Human Rights and the Economic and Social Council, a consolidated report, for eventual publication as a United Nations handbook on national institutions for the use of Governments, including information on the various types and models of national and local institutions for the protection and promotion of human rights, taking into account differing social and legal systems; 12. Further requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its fortieth session on the imple- mentation of the present resolution. 101st plenary meeting 14 December 1984 39/145. Alternative approaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms The General Assembly, Recalling that in the Charter of the United Nations the peoples of the United Nations declared their determina- tion to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, Recalling also the purposes and principles of the Charter to achieve international co-operation in solving interna- tional problems of an economic, social, cultural or human- itarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion, Emphasizing the significance and validity of the Univer- sal Declaration of Human Rights215 and of the Interna- tional Covenants on Human Rights216 in promoting respect for and observance of human rights and funda- mental freedoms, 21 7 ,\!39 556 and Add. I 234 General Assembly-Thirty-ninth Session Recalling its resolution 32/ l 30 of 16 December 1977, in which it decided that the approach to the future work within the United Nations system with respect to human rights questions should take into account the concepts set forth in that resolution, Recalling also its resolutions 34/46 of 23 November 1979, 35/174 of 15 December 1980, 36/133 of 14 Decem- ber 1981 and 38/124 of 16 December 1983, Recognizing that the human being is the main subject of development and that everyone has the right to participate in, as well as to benefit from, the development process, Reiterating once again that the establishment of the new international economic order is an essential element for the effective promotion and the full enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, Reiterating also its profound conviction that all human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible and inter- dependent and that equal attention and urgent considera- tion should be given to the implementation, promotion and protection of both civil and political and economic, social and cultural rights, Reaffirming the importance of furthering the activities of the existing organs of the United Nations in the field of human rights in conformity with the principles of the Charter, Underlining the need for the creation of conditions at the national and international levels for the promotion and full protection of the human rights of individuals and peoples, Emphasizing that Governments have the duty to ensure respect for all human rights and fundamental freedoms, Taking note of the work done by the Working Group of Governmental Experts on the Right to Development, as reflected in its reports to the Commission on Human Rights,21s Underlining that the right to development is an inalien- able human right, Recognizing that international peace and security are essential elements for the full realization of human rights, including the right to development, Considering that the resources which would be released by disarmament could contribute significantly to the development of all States, in particular the developing countries, Recognizing that co-operation among all nations on the basis of respect for the independence, sovereignty and ter- ritorial integrity of each State, including the right of each people to choose freely its own socio-economic and politi- cal system, and to exercise full sovereignty over its wealth and natural resources, subject to the principles referred to in article 1, paragraph 2, and article 25 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,219 is essential for the promotion of peace and development, Convinced that the primary aim of such international co-operation must be the achievement by each human being of a life of freedom and dignity and freedom from want, Acknowledging the progress so far achieved by the inter- national community in the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Concerned, however, at the occurrence of violations of human rights in the world. Reaffirming that nothing in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights or in the International Covenants on 218 E/CN.41I983111 and E/CN.4· I 984 13 and Corr. I and :>. Human Rights may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person the right to engage in any activity or perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth therein, Affirming that the ultimate aim of development is the constant improvement of the well-being of the entire pop- ulation, on the basis of its full participation in the process of development and a fair distribution of the benefits therefrom, I. Reiterates its request that the Commission on Human Rights continue its current work on the overall analysis with a view to further promoting and improving human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the question of the Commission's programme and working methods, and on the overall analysis of the alternative approaches and ways and means for improving the effec- tive enjoyment of human rights and fundamental free- doms, in accordance with the provisions and concepts of General Assembly resolution 32/ 130 and other relevant texts; 2. Affirms that a primary aim of international co-oper- ation in the field of human rights is a life of freedom, dig- nity and peace for all peoples and for each human being, that all human rights and fundamental freedoms are indi- visible and interrelated and that the promotion and pro- tection of one category of rights should never exempt or excuse States from the promotion and protection of the others; 3. Affirms its profound conviction that equal attention and urgent consideration should be given to the imple- mentation, protection and promotion of both civil and political and economic, social and cultural rights; 4. Reaffirms that it is of paramount importance for the promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms that Member States should undertake specific obligations through accession to, or ratification of, international instruments in this field and, consequently, that the stand- ard-setting work within the United Nations system in the field of human rights and the universal acceptance and implementation of the relevant international instruments should be encouraged; 5. Reiterates once again that the international commu- nity should accord. or continue to accord, priority to the search for solutions to mass and flagrant violations of human rights of peoples and individuals affected by situa- tions such as those mentioned in paragraph I (e) of Gener- al Assembly resolution 32/130, paying due attention also to other situations of violations of human rights; 6. Reaffirms its responsibility for achieving interna- tional co-operation in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all and expresses its concern at serious violations of human rights, in particular mass and flagrant violations of these rights, wherever they occur; 7. Expresses concern at the present situation with regard to the achievement of the objectives and goals for establishing the new international economic order and its adverse effects on the full realization of human rights, in particular the right to development; 8. Reaffirms that the right to development is an ina- lienable human right; 9. Reaffirms also that international peace and security are essential elements in achieving the full realization of the right to development; 210 See resolution 2201\ A (XXI). annex. VI. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Third Committee 235 10. Recognizes that all human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible and interdependent; 11. Considers it necessary that all Member States pro- mote international co-operation on the basis of respect for the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of each State, including the right of each people to choose freely its own socio-economic and political system, and to exercise full sovereignty over its wealth and natural resources, subject to the principles referred to in article I, paragraph 2, and article 25 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, with a view to resolving international problems of an economic, social and humanitarian character; 12. Expresses concern at the disparity existing between the established norms and principles and the actual situa- tion of all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the world; 13. Urges all States to co-operate with the Commission on Human Rights in the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms; 14. Reiterates the need to create, at the national and international levels, conditions for the full promotion and protection of the human rights of individuals and peoples; l 5. Reaffirms once again that, in order to facilitate the full enjoyment of all rights and complete personal dignity, it is necessary to promote the rights to education, work, health and proper nourishment through the adoption of measures at the national level, including those that pro- 220 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council. 1984, Supple- ment No. 4 (E/1984/14 and Corr.I). chap. II, sect. A. vide for workers' participation in management, as well as the adoption of measures at the international level, includ- ing the establishment of the new international economic order; 16. Requests the Commission on Human Rights to take the necessary measures to promote the right to devel- opment, taking into account the results achieved ~y the Working Group of Governmental Experts on the Right to Development, which is engaged in the study of the scope and content of the right to development, and welcomes the decision of the Commission in its resolution 1984/ l 6 of 6 March 1984220 that the Working Group should continue its work with the aim of submitting as soon as possible a draft declaration on the right to development; I 7. Requests the Secretary-General to transmit to the General Assembly at its fortieth session a report contain- ing information on the progress made by the Working Group of Governmental Experts on the Right to Develop- ment of the Commission on Human Rights in the drafting of a declaration on the right to development; 18. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its fortieth session the item entitled "Alternative approaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms". 101st plenary meeting I 4 December I 984

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