A/RES/39/167 GA

128 General Assembly-Thirty-ninth Session calls upon the international community, particularly the developed countries, to increase the flow of resources to adequate levels, through all channels, in support of pro­ grammes and policies for increasing food and agricultural production and raising nutritional standards in the devel­ oping countries, particularly in Africa and the least developed countries, keeping in view the proposal made by the Executive Director of the World Food Council at its tenth session for increases of at least $5 billion in external resources over five years, starting in 1986, in roughly equal proportions for both capital and programme assistance, to be channelled through existing agencies and pro­ grammes; 18 13. Stresses the need for the successful completion of the first replenishment of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, and urges all countries con­ cerned, bearing in mind the particular contribution of the developed countries, to reach agreement on a priority basis for the second replenishment, in order to enable the Fund to continue its effective contribution at an adequate level; 14. Further urges developed countries to provide sup­ plementary financing for the seventh replenishment of the International Development Association in order to cover the shortfall and enable the Association to increase its assistance to developing countries, particularly in the development of food and agriculture; 15. Further stresses the need to ensure achievement of the agreed target for regular resources of the World Food Programme of $1.35 billion for the biennium 1985- 1986; 19 16. Emphasizes the need for effective implementation of the 1980 Food Aid Convention, 20 which has been extended until 30 June 1986; 17. Expresses deep concern that the food-financing facility of the International Monetary Fund has been used only on limited occasions since its establishment and, in this regard, looks forward to the upcoming review of the facility by the Fund; 18. Considers that improvement of the conditions of farmer groups particularly affected by the small size of holdings or other constraints is critical; 19. Emphasizes the role of women as part of the rural family, calls for more policy attention to the role of women in relation to food systems, and stresses the need to involve women in the formulation, implementation and follow-up of national food strategies, plans and projects; 20. Urges the international community to respond immediately, adequately and in a concerted manner to the initiative of the Secretary-General and the appeal of the Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organiza­ tion of the United Nations in favour of the African countries threatened by severe food shortages by continu­ ing and increasing emergency food and technical assistance to those countries, as well as by augmenting all forms of assistance towards rehabilitation of their food and agricultural sectors; 21. Notes that the proliferation of import restrictions and increasing export subsidization are seen to have con­ tributed to international market instability and to growing resource allocation distortions in developed and develop­ ing countries, that all countries should demonstrate the 18 Jbid., Thirty-ninth Session. Supplement No. /9 (A/39/19). part one. para. 57. 19See WFP/CFA:15119, para. 42. 20 For the text of the Convention. sec TDIWHEA T.6/ 13. 21 See Official Records of the General Assemhfr. Thtrtv-first Se.rnon. Sup plement No. 25 (A/31/25). annex I. 22 /hid .. Thtrtr-second Se.rnon. Supplement _i,;o }., (A/32125). annex I requisite political will by refraining from creating tariff obstacles to agricultural imports, especially those from developing countries, and that exporting countries should endeavour to limit export subsidies and analogous prac­ tices which might hinder trade, especially that of develop­ ing countries; 22. Stresses, inter alia, that in order to attain an overall solution of food and agricultural problems, efforts should be made to resolve the serious financial problems in gener­ al, and liquidity problems in particular, confronting the developing countries, which are caused to a large degree by the impact of the increases in interest rates; 23. Reaffirms the commitment to sustained and increased development assistance in the food sector, with a strengthened role for multilateral co-operation and improved international assistance co-ordination; 24. Stresses the need for strengthening subregional, regional and interregional co-operation for the promotion of food security and the development of agriculture in developing countries and, in this context, calls upon the relevant entities of the United Nations system to accord priority support to economic and technical co-operation among developing countries in food and agriculture; 25. Welcomes the comprehensive and systematic review of the progress in agrarian reform and rural devel­ opment carried out by the Food and Agriculture Organiza­ tion of the United Nations in the context of the implemen­ tation of the Programme of Action as adopted by the World Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Devel­ opment and looks forward to a similar review in four years. 103rd plenary meeting 17 December I 984 39/167. Remnants of war The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 3435 (XXX) of 9 December I 97 5, 35/71 of 5 December 1980, 36/ l 88 of 17 December 1981, 37/215 of 20 December 1982 and 38/162 of 19 December 1983 concerning the problem of remnants of war, Recalling also decisions 80 (IV) of 9 April 1976,11 lO I (V) of 25 May 1977,22 9/5 of 25 May 198123 and 10/8 of 28 May 198224 of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme, Recalling further resolution 32 adopted by the Fifth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non­ Aligned Countries, held at Colombo from 16 to 19 August 1976, 25 and resolution 26/ 11-P adopted by the Eleventh Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers, held at Islamabad from 17 to 22 May I 980,26 Convinced that the responsibility for the removal of the remnants of war should be borne by the countries that planted them, Recognizing that the presence of the material remnants of war, including mines, in the territories of developing countries seriously impedes their development efforts and causes loss of life and property, 23 /hid .. Thmv-sixth Session. Supplement No. 25 (A/36/25 and Corr. I). annex I. 24 lhtd .. Thtrty-se,·enth Sessum, Supplement No. 25 (A/37125). pan two. annex. 25See A/311197. annex IV. sect. B. ·'6see A/351419-Sll4129. annex I. V. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Second Committee 129 I. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General on the problem of remnants of war:27 2. Regrets that no concrete measures have been taken to solve the problem of remnants of war despite the vari­ ous resolutions and decisions adopted thereon by the General Assembly and the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme; 3. Reiterates its support of the just demands of the developing countries affected by the implantation of mines and the presence of other remnants of war in their terri­ tories for compensation and for complete removal of those obstacles by the States that implanted them; 4. Requests the Secretary-General, in co-operation with the United Nations Environment Programme and other organizations of the United Nations system, within their mandates, to collect all information on expertise and available equipment, so as to evaluate, on request, the actual needs of the developing countries affected and to assist those countries in their efforts to detect and clear material remnants of war; 5. Calls upon all States to co-operate with the appro­ priate organizations of the United Nations system in carrying out the task assigned to them in paragraph 4 above; 6. Also calls upon those developed countries directly responsible for the presence of remnants of war to intensi­ fy bilateral consultations with the aim of concluding, with­ out undue delay, agreements for the solution of those problems; 7. Requests all States to inform the Secretary-General of actions they have taken in the implementation of the present resolution; 8. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its fortieth session a detailed and comprehensive report on the implementation of the pres­ ent resolution. 103rd plenary meeting 17 December 1984 39/168. Plan of Action to Combat Desertification A IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN OF ACTION • TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 32/172 of 19 December 1977, by which it approved the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification, 28 Recalling also paragraph 8 of its resolution 38/ I 65 of 19 December 1983, by which it welcomed section VIII of decision 11/1 of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme,29 in which the Council decided to devote two days, during its twelfth session, to a detailed assessment of the implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification, Taking note of Economic and Social Council resolution 1984/65 of 26 July 1984 on the Implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification, 27 A/39/580. 28 Report of the United Nations Conference on Desemfica11on. Na,ro/,1, 29 August-9 Septeml>er /977 (A/CON F. 7.4136). chap. I 29 Sec Official Records o( the General .-11semhlr. Thirt,·-nghth Sessw11, Supplement No. 25 (A/38125). annex. Having considered the views of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme on the general assessment of progress in the implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification during the period 1978-1984,30 Having also considered Economic and Social Council resolution 1984/72 of 27 July 1984 on environment and development in Africa, Bearing in mind the current serious problem of pro­ longed drought and desertification that has contributed to the widespread economic catastrophe in a large number of African countries south of the Sahara, I. Takes note with appreciation of the views of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme on the general assessment of progress in the implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertifi­ cation during the period 1978-1984; 2. Also takes note with appreciation of the report of the Governing Council on the implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification;31 3. Takes note with interest of Governing Council deci­ sion 12/ 10 of 28 May 1984 on desertification;32 4. Notes with great concern that, during the seven years since the United Nations Conference on Desertification in 1977, desertification has continued to spread and intensify in developing countries, particularly in Africa; 5. Welcomes the reconfirmation by the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme of the validity of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertifica­ tion, the reaffirmation of the central role of the Programme in catalysing, co-ordinating and assessing the implementa­ tion of the Plan of Action at the international level, and the approval by the Governing Council of concrete, time­ bound activities to comhat desertification over the next fif­ teen years; 6. Decides to expand the role of the Consultative Group for Desertification Control, which is financed from voluntary contributions, to include explicitly responsibili­ ty for advising the Executive Director on: (a) The progress and effectiveness of activities imple­ mented under the Plan of Action, identifying constraints and possible solutions to problems, taking account of rele­ vant evaluations and case studies; (b) Programme priorities of the United Nations Envi­ ronment Programme related to problems of desertifica­ tion; (c) Measures required to improve implementation of the Plan of Action on a regional and world-wide basis; 7. Calls upon the Consultative Group for Desertifica­ tion Control to intensify further its efforts to assist the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme in the mobilization of resources for the imple­ mentation of the Plan of Action; 8. Urges Governments of countries prone to or suffer­ ing from desertification to give priority to the establish­ ment of national programmes to combat desertification and to consider setting up appropriate national machinery or assigning responsibility to existing national machinery, where appropriate, to that end; 9. Requests the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme to examine, at its thir­ teenth session, the possibility of: JU l lNEPIGC.12/9 and Corr I 31 A 39,433. annex I. -1' See Offu:ial Records o(the liencra/ 1SJemN1·. Thmy-mnth Session. S11p­ pl1'n1cnt \'o 25 (A/39/25), annl'X

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