A/RES/40/173 GA

136 General Assembly-Fortieth Session 2. Encourages Governments to seek to implement the recommendations for action contained in the report, in particular: (a) To strengthen national capabilities for policy form- ulation and for the preparation, implementation and mon- itoring of water supply and sanitation programmes and projects; (b) To prepare and implement national strategies to meet and develop both present and longer-term needs for skilled human resources; (c) To intensify efforts to improve the mobilization and utilization of national financial resources; (d) To increase the attention devoted to health educa- tion and community participation and to the need for close operational linkages between health and water supply agencies; (e) To formulate and implement strategies that will enhance the participation of women in the planning, oper- ation and assessment of water and sanitation programmes and projects; 3. Calls upon organs, organizations and bodies of the United Nations system, as well as other multilateral, bilat- eral and non-governmental organizations, to continue and, where possible, increase their assistance to Governments in support of national plans and programmes for the Dec- ade as well as in support of efforts to implement the above- mentioned recommendations for action; 4. Urges the international community to take note of the need to enhance co-ordination of technical co-opera- tion activities at the global and national levels and, in this regard, supports the role of the resident representatives of the United Nations Development Programme as focal points for the Decade at the country level; 5. Takes note of the need to focus efforts and resources on the least developed countries where requirements for drinking water and sanitation are the greatest, and of the need to give special consideration to the countries of sub- Saharan Africa; 6. Requests the Secretary-General, at the end of the Decade, in 1990, to prepare a report on the progress achieved during the Decade, providing a detailed com- parative analysis based as much as possible on quantita- tive data, as well as recommendations for future and follow-up action that may be required, for submission to the General Assembly at its forty-fifth session. 119th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/172. World Tourism Organization The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 32/156 and 32/157 of 19 December 1977, 33/122 of 19 December 1978, 34/134 of 14 December 1979, 36/41 of 19 November 1981 and 38/ 146 of 19 December 1983, I. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General of the World Tourism Organization 7 on the progress made in implementing the Manila Declaration8 and the Acapulco Document9 on World Tourism, and recognizes that the new approach of the World Tourism Organization, in which tourism is seen in the wider context of travel, can make a positive contribution to economic development; 2. Invites States to take that approach into account when formulating their travel policies and strategies, in accordance with their development plans; 7 A/40/363-E/ 1985/97. 8 A/36/236. annex, appendix L 3. Requests the United Nations Development Pro- gramme and other bodies of the United Nations system with an interest in this area to co-operate with the World Tourism Organization in accordance with the Manila Dec- laration and the Acapulco Document on World Tourism; 4. Requests the Secretary-General of the World Tourism Organization to submit to the General Assembly at its forty-second session, through the Economic and Social Council, a report on the progress made in imple- menting the present resolution and the relevant resolutions of the World Tourism Organization, particularly on the contribution of world tourism to regional development and the preservation of and respect for the cultural heri- tage of developing countries. 119th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/173. International economic security The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960, containing the Declaration on the Granting of Inde- pendence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, 320 I (S-VI) and 3202 (S-VI) of I May 1974, containing the Declara- tion and the Programme of Action on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order, 3281 (XXIX) of 12 December 1974, containing the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, 3362 (S-VII) of 16 September 1975 on development and international economic co- operation, and 35/56 of 5 December 1980, the annex to which contains the International Development Strategy for the Third United Nations Development Decade, Recalling also the purposes and principles set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, in particular that of achieving international co-operation in solving interna- tional problems of an economic, social, cultural or human- itarian character and the inadmissibility of the threat or use of force in international relations, Referring to Economic and Social Council resolution 1911 (LVII) of 2 August 1974, Considering that ever-increasing interdependence between States and regions is an inevitable condition of world economic development, which determines the mutuality of interest of all countries in promoting develop- ment in a secure world environment, Convinced that all countries would benefit from a more stable economic, trade, monetary and financial situation and from equitable solutions of the existing problems in these areas, Further convinced that alleviation of the urgent econo- mic problems of developing countries and elimination of the gap in the levels of economic development are major factors of international economic stability and a better political climate, Recognizing the need to promote international econo- mic security aimed at the economic and social develop- ment and progress of each country, in particular develop- ing countries, through international economic co- operation and utilizing the potential of multilateral and regional organizations, I. Considers that a common endeavour to promote just and mutually beneficial international economic rela- tions would contribute to the economic well-being of each State and to the establishment of a new international eco- nomic order; 9 A/38/182-E'Jl983/6o, annex, appendix V. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Second Committee 137 2. Requests the Secretary-General, taking into account the relevant previous studies, to prepare a comprehensive analytical report on a concept of international economic security, including ways and means of its attainment, with emphasis on the development interests of developing countries, for submission through the Economic and Social Council to the General Assembly at its forty-second session; 3. Calls upon all Governments and organizations, organs and bodies of the United Nations system to con- tribute to the implementation of the present resolution. I 19th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/174. Co-operation between the United Nations and the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 33/ 18 of 10 November 1978, by which it accorded observer status to the Agency for Cul- tural and Technical Co-operation, Recalling also its resolution 36/174 of 17 December 1981, in which it recognized the necessity of strengthening co-operation between the United Nations and the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation, and its resolu- tion 37/132 of 17 December 1982, I. Requests the Secretary-General, in collaboration with the Secretary-General of the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation, to update his report on co-opera- tion between the United Nations and the Agency for Cul- tural and Technical Co-operation; 10 2. Also requests the Secretary-General to submit the updated report to the General Assembly at its forty-first session, through the Economic and Social Council at its second regular session of 1986. I 19th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/175. Countries stricken by desertification and drought The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 39/208 of 17 December 1984 and Economic and Social Council decision 1985/ 176 of 25 July 1985, as well as its Declaration on the Critical Econo- mic Situation in Africa, annexed to its resolution 39/29 of 3 December 1984, Noting Africa's Priority Programme for Economic Recovery 1986-1990, 11 adopted by the Assembly ofHeads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its twenty-first ordinary session, held at Addis Ababa from 18 to 20 July 1985, Congratulating the Government of Senegal for having taken the initiative of convening the Ministerial Con- ference for a joint policy to combat desertification in the countries of the Permanent Inter-State Committee on Drought Control in the Sabel and the Economic Commu- nity of West African States, in the Maghreb countries and in Egypt and the Sudan, which met at Dakar, for the first time from 18 to 27 July 1984, 12 and for the second time from l to 9 November 1985, 13 10 N38/236-E/1983l75. 11 N40/666, annex I, declaration AHG/l)ecL I (XXI), annex 12 See N39/530, annex. • 13 See A/C'.2/40/10, annex. Congratulating the Government of Egypt for having invited the first African Environmental Conference, organ- ized by the United Nations Environment Programme in consultation with the Economic Commission for Africa and the Organization of African Unity, to be held at Cairo in December 1985, Congratulating also the Government of France for having taken the initiative of convening an international conference on tree and forest, to be held in Paris in Feb- ruary 1986, Noting the positive action taken by the United Nations Sudano-Sahelian Office, as part of a joint effort by the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Environment Programme to help twenty-two African countries, on behalf of the United Nations Envi- ronment Programme, implement the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification, 14 Taking note of decision I 2/ l O of 28 May l 984 on desertification, adopted by the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme, 15 Welcoming the establishment by six east African countries - Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, the Sudan and Uganda - of an Intergovernmental Authority for Drought and Development for the purpose of combat- ing the effects of drought in those countries, Deeply concerned by the tragic consequences of the acceleration of desertification, combined with persistent drought - the most serious recorded this century - which have resulted in a substantial drop in the agricultural out- put of many developing countries and have contributed particularly to a worsening of the current economic crisis in Africa, Noting with great anxiety that desertification and drought continue to spread and intensify in developing countries, particularly in Africa, Aware that the problems of desertification and drought are increasingly assuming a structural and endemic character and that real and permanent solutions must be found in increased global efforts based on concerted action by the stricken countries and the international community, Bearing in mind that the majority of the countries affected by desertification and drought are low-income countries and, for the most part, belong to the group of the least developed countries, particularly those in Africa, Aware that the prime responsibility in the struggle against desertification and the effects of drought rests with the countries concerned and that such action is an essential component of their development, Recognizing, however. that given the scope and the intensity of desertification and drought, particularly in the least developed countries, the attainment of the objectives of programmes to combat these scourges requires financial and human resources beyond the means of the affected countries, Considering the interdependence between developed countries and those affected by desertification and drought, and the negative impact of those phenomena on the economies of the countries concerned, Emphasizing the fundamental importance of all forms of South-South co-operation in executing programmes to combat desertification and drought, 14 Report of the United Natwns Conference on nesertificatwn. Nairobi, 29 August-9 September /977 (NCONF.74/36). chap. I. 15 See Official Records of rhe General Assemt,/y, Thirt_v- ninth SeSS1on. Sup- plement No. 25 (N)9i25). anne,.

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