A/RES/40/183 GA

V. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Second Committee _____________ l_4_5 establishing and improving national and regional early warning systems; 20. Appreciates the measures taken by the World Food Programme to ensure speedy and timely delivery of food aid as well as the development of an information system for the dissemination on a regular basis of all relevant information on food aid to facilitate planning and opera- tional co-ordination; 21. Urges the donor community to provide the neces- sary financial support for the effective implementation of the programmes of action adopted by the FAO World Conference on Fisheries Management and Development;32 22. Urges the World Food Council, within the context of its mandate, to mobilize and sustain greater efforts in the struggle to overcome hunger, to continue to review and report on major problems and policy issues, and to con- tinue to serve as a co-ordinating mechanism in the field of food and other related policy matters within the United Nations system and, in this connection, notes that the Council, in its report to the General Assembly,33 addressed the question of strengthening its effectiveness and other related issues, and expresses the hope that necessary action, as appropriate, will be taken in that regard; 23. Stresses the need to strengthen subregional, regional and interregional co-operation for the promotion of food security and the development of agriculture in developing countries and, in this context, calls upon the relevant entities of the United Nations system to accord priority support to economic and technical co-operation among developing countries in food and agriculture. 119th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/182. Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 320 I (S-VI) and 3202 (S-VI) of May 1974, containing the Declaration and the Pro- gramme of Action on the Establishment ofa New Interna- tional Economic Order, 3281 (XXIX) of 12 December 1974, containing the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, and 3362 (S-VII) of 16 September 1975 on development and international economic co-operation, which laid the foundations of the new international econo- mic order, Recalling also its resolution 37/204 of 20 December 1982 on the review of the implementation of the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, Recalling further its resolution 39/ 163 of I 7 December 1984, in which it decided to establish an Ad Hoe Commit- tee of the Whole to Review the Implementation of the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, 1. Takes note of the report of the Ad Hoe Committee of the Whole to Review the Implementation of the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States; 34 2. Urges all States to examine further the implementa- tion of the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of 32 See Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Reporr u/ the FAO World Conference on Fisheries Mana!(ement and De .. e/opmem. Rome, 27 June-6 July 1984 (Rome, 1984). 33 Official Records of the General Assembly. Forlleth Sesswn. Supplemrnt No. /9(A/40/ I 9). 34 !hid, Supplement No. 52 (A/40/52) 35 See Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on Trad,· und Devel- opment, Third Session, vol. I, Report and Annnes (United Nations publica- tion. Sales No. E.73.ILD.4). annex IA 36 Ibid., Fourth Session, voL I, Report und Annnes (United Nation, publi- cation. Sales No. E.76.ILD.10 and corrigendum). part one, S<'<·t I\ States, thereby contributing to the establishment of the new international economic order; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its forty-fourth session, through the Economic and Social Council at its second regular session of 1989, a comprehensive and analytical report, in order to ensure systematic and comprehensive consideration of the implementation of the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, in accordance with the provisions of arti- cle 34 thereof; 4. Invites the organs, organizations and bodies of the United Nations system to facilitate the implementation of the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States in their respective spheres of action. 119th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/183. Specific action related to the particular needs and problems of land-locked develop- ing countries The General Assembly, Reiterating the specific actions related to the particular needs of the land-locked developing countries stated in United Nations Conference on Trade and Development resolutions 63 (III) of 19 May 1972, 35 98 (IV) of 31 May 1976,36 123 (V) of 3 June 197937 and 137 (VI) of 2 July 198338 and Trade and Development Board resolution 319 (XXXI) of 27 September 1985,39 Recalling the provisions of its resolutions 31/ 157 of 21 December 1976, 32/191 of 19 December 1977, 33/150 of 20 December 1978, 34/ 198 of 19 December 1979, 35/58 of 5 December 1980, 36/ 175 of 17 December 1981 and 39/209 of I 8 December I 984 and other resolutions of the United Nations relating to the particular needs and prob- lems of land-locked developing countries, Bearing in mind various other resolutions adopted by the General Assembly, its related organs and the special- ized agencies emphasizing special and urgent measures in favour of land-locked developing countries, Recalling the relevant provisions of the International Development Strategy for the Third United Nations Development Decade,22 Recalling the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 40 adopted on 10 December 1982, Bearing in mind the report of the Ad Hoe Group of Experts to Study Ways and Means of Improving Transit- transport Infrastructures and Services for Land-locked Developing Countries,41 Recognizing that the lack of territorial access to the sea, aggravated by remoteness and isolation from world mar- kets, and the prohibitive transit, transport and trans-ship- ment costs impose serious constraints on the socio-econo- mic development of land-locked developing countries, Noting with concern that the measures taken thus far have not adequately addressed the problems of land- locked developing countries, 1. Reaffirms the right of access of land-locked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit -17 Jina. Fl/ih Sessum, voL I. Report and Annexes (United Nations puMica- tion, Sab No. E.79.ILD.14). part one. sect. A. 18 /hid. Snth Semon, voL L Report and Annexes (United Naltons puhl1- ca1ton, Sales No. E.83.ILD.6), part one, sect. A. 39 See Olfina/ Records o( the Ucneral Assemhlr. fi>rti,•th Session. Supple- ment N,, 15 (A.'40-'15). vol. II. se<·t. L 40 Offinal Records of the Third ( 'mted Natwns ( ·onji-ro1et' on th,· 1,aK o( the s,,a, vol. XVII (Umted Nations publication, Sales No. E.84.V.1). docu- ment Nt 'ONF.62/ 122. 41 Offinul Records ,fth,, Trad,, und Development Board. '! wentr-nuuh ,\e\·- \/O'I. I nnnn. agenda ,tern 6, dr,rnment TD/B/1002 146 General As..embly- 1-'ortieth Session ------------------'-------------- ----------------------- through the territory of transit States by all means of trans- port, in accordance with article 125 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; 2. Appeals to all States, international organizations and financial institutions to implement, as a matter of urgency and priority, the specific actions related to the particular needs and problems of land-locked developing countries envisaged in resolutions 63 (III), 98 (IV), 123 (V) and 137 (VI) of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, in the International Development Strategy for the Third United Nations Development Decade, in the Substantial New Programme of Action for the 1980s for the Least Developed Countries42 and in other relevant res- olutions of the United Nations; 3. Urges all concerned countries, as well as interna- tional organizations, to provide land-locked developing countries with appropriate financial and technical assist- ance in the form of grants or concessional loans for the construction, maintenance and improvement of their transport and transit infrastructures and facilities; 4. Urges also the international community and multi- lateral and bilateral financial institutions to intensify efforts in raising the net flow of resources to all land-locked developing countries to help offset the adverse effects of their disadvantageous geographical situation on their eco- nomic development efforts, in keeping with the overall development needs of each land-locked developing coun- try; 5. Invites transit countries and the land-locked devel- oping countries to co-operate effectively in harmonizing transport planning and in promoting other joint ventures in the field of transport at the regional, subregional and bilateral levels; 6. Further invites the international community to give financial, technical and other support to interested transit and land-locked developing countries in the construction of alternative routes to the sea; 7. Commends the United Nations Development Pro- gramme, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and other United Nations agencies for their work and the assistance they have provided to the land- locked developing countries, and invites them to continue to take appropriate and effective measures to respond to the specific needs of those countries; 8. Recommends continued and intensified activities relating to the conducting of necessary studies and the implementation of special actions and specific measures for the land-locked developing countries, including those in the area of economic co-operation among developing countries, as well as those that have been envisaged in the programme of work of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the regional commissions and other programmes and activities at the regional and sub- regional levels; 9. Once again requests Member States to transmit to the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development their views and comments on the report of the Ad Hoe Group of Experts to Study Ways and Means of Improving Transit-transport Infrastructures and Services for Land-locked Developing Countries: I 0. Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General of the Pnited Nations Conference on Trade and Develop- ment on progress in the implementation of specific action related to the particular needs and problems of land- locked developing countries,4' submitted pursuant to reso- l.ution 39 '20Q, and requests him to prepare another such 42 Report of the l'rw,,d !liat,ons Confereme on the Leas/ Developed Countne.<. Pam. i-14 Seprnnber 1981 (United Nations publication. Sales No. E.82.1 81, part, 11e. st'CL A. report for submission to the General Assembly at its forty- second session. 119th plenary meeting 17 December I 985 40/184. International code of conduct on the transfer of technology The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 38/ I 53 of 19 December 1983, Taking note of the decision adopted on 5 June 1985 by the United Nations Conference on an International Code of Conduct on the Transfer of Technology, at its sixth ses- sion,44 in which it requested the General Assembly to take the measures necessary for further action, including the possible reconvening of negotiations on an international code of conduct on the transfer of technology, I. Notes that progress has been made in the negotia- tions on an international code of conduct on the transfer of technology but that there are still important problems out- standing; 2. Further notes that at the sixth session of the United Nations Conference on an International Code of Conduct on the Transfer of Technology, progress was made in iden- tifying common ground, as well as divergences, in respect of the issues outstanding in chapter 4 of the draft code, on restrictive practices, and in chapter 9, on applicable law and settlement of disputes; 3. Believes that further work, continuing the genuine efforts made by all parties concerned, is required in the search for possible solutions to the outstanding issues in order to complete successfully the negotiations on a code of conduct; 4. Invites the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and the President of the United Nations Conference on an International Code of Conduct on the Transfer of Technology to consult, as appropriate, with regional groups and Governments, taking into account the need for balanced geographical representation, with a view to identifying appropriate solu- tions to the issues outstanding in the code of conduct; 5. Further invites the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development to report to the General Assembly at its forty-first session on the progress made in the consultations referred to in paragraph 4 above and decides to take, at that session, further action on the negotiations on an international code of conduct on the transfer of technology. I 19th plenary meeting 17 December 1985 40/185. Economic measures as a means of political and economic coercion against developing countries The General Assembly, Recalling the relevant principles set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, Recalling also its resolutions 2625 (XXV) of 24 October 1970, containing the Declaration on Principles of Interna- tional Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-opera- tion among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, 3201 (S-VJ) and 3202 (S-VI) of I May 1974, containing the Declaration and the Programme of 43 A/40/815. annex 44TD/C'ODE TOT14<l. sect. IV.

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