A/RES/40/79 GA

III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 65 40/18. Bilateral nuclear-arms negotiations The General Assembly, Noting the agreement between the Union of ~oviet Socialist Republics and the United States of Amenca to begin negotiations on "a complex of questions concerning space and nuclear arms - both strategic and intermediate- range - " with the objective "to work out effective agree- ments aimed at preventing an arms race in space and ter- minating it on Earth", which negotiations ultimately "should lead to the complete elimination of nuclear arms everywhere", 2 Deeply concerned by the fact that humanity is con- fronted today with an unprecedented threat to its survival arising from the massive and competitive accumulation of the most destructive weapons ever produced, especially nuclear weapons more than sufficient to destroy all life on Earth, Conscious that such a situation is all the more difficult to justify if one takes into account that there already exists an international consensus that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought, l. Expresses its hope that the forthcoming meeting between the two leaders of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America will give a decisive impetus to their current bilateral negotiations so that these negotiations produce early and effective agree- ments on the halting of the nuclear-arms race with its neg- ative effects on international security as well as on social and economic development, reduction of their nuclear arsenals, prevention of an arms race in outer space and the use of outer space for peaceful purposes; 2. Invites the two negotiating parties to keep the Gen- eral Assembly duly informed of the progress of their nego- tiations; 3. Reaffirms that in these negotiations the vital inter- ests of all peoples, including those of the two negotiating parties, are at stake; 4. Further reaffirms that bilateral negotiations do not in any way diminish the urgent need to initiate and pursue multilateral negotiations on the cessation of the nuclear- arms race and nuclear disarmament and on the prevention of an arms race in outer space; 5. Requests the Secretary-General to convey this reso- lution to the leaders of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America before their meeting at Geneva on 19 and 20 November 1985. 80th plenary meeting 18 November 1985 40/79. Implementation of General Assembly resolu- tion 39/51 concerning the signature and rati- fication of Additional Protocol I of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco) The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 2286 (XXII) of 5 December 1967, 3262 (XXIX) of9 December 1974, 3473 (XXX) of 11 December 1975, 32/76 of 12 December 1977, S-10/2 of 30 June 1978, 33/58 of 14 December 1978, 34/71 of 11 December 1979, 35/143 of 12 December 1980, 36/83 of9 December 1981, 37/71 of9 December 1982 and 38/61 of 15 December 1983 concerning the signature and ratifica- tion of Additional Protocol I of the Treaty for the Prohibi- 2 See Official Records of the General Assembly. Fortieth Session, Supple- ment No. 27 (N40/27 and Corr.I), appendix II (('D/642/Appendix 11/Vol. II), documents CD/570 and CD/571. tion of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco), 3 Taking into account that within the zone of application of that Treaty, to which twenty-three sovereign States are already parties, there are some territories which, in spit~ of not being sovereign political entities, are nevertheless m a position to receive the benefits deriving from the Treaty through its Additional Protocol I, t~ which the fou~ States that de Jure or de facto are internat10nally responsible for those territories may become parties, Considering that it would not be fair if the peoples of some of those territories were deprived of such benefits without being given the opportunity to express their opin- ion in this connection, Recalling that three of the States _to whom Additio~al Protocol I is opened - the United Kingdom of Great Bnt- ain and Northern Ireland, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the United States of America - became parties to the Protocol in 1969, I 971 and 1981, respectively, l. Deplores that the signature of Additional Protocol I by France, which took place on 2 March 1979, has not yet been followed by the corresponding ratification, notwith- standing the time already elapsed and the pressing i~vita- tions which the General Assembly has addressed to 1t; 2. Once more urges France not to delay any further such ratification, which has been requested so many times and which appears all the more advisable, since it is the only one of the four States to which the Protocol is open that is not yet party to it; 3. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its forty-first session an item entitled "Implementation of General Assembly resolution 40/79 concerning the signa- ture and ratification of Additional Protocol I of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco)". 113th plenary meeting 12 December 1985 40/80. Cessation of all test explosions of nuclear weapons A The General Assembly, Bearing in mind that the complete cessation of nuclear- weapon tests, which has been examined for more than twenty-five years and on which the General Assembly has adopted nearly fifty resolutions, is a basic objective of the United Nations in the sphere of disarmament, to the attainment of which it has repeatedly assigned the highest priority, Stressing that on eight different occasions it has con- demned such tests in the strongest terms and that, since 1974, it has stated its conviction that the continuance of nuclear-weapon testing will intensify the arms race, thus increasing the danger of nuclear war, Reiterating the assertion made in several previous reso- lutions that, whatever may be the differences on the ques- tion of verification, there is no valid reason for delaying the conclusion of an agreement on a comprehensive test ban, Recalling that as early as 1972 the Secretary-General declared that all the technical and scientific aspects of the problem have been so fully explored that only a political 3 United Nations, Treaty Series. vol. 634, No. 9068, p. 326.

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