A/RES/42/146 GA

234 General Assembly-Fort}-second Session particular in the field of huma11 righh, as this would con- tribute to averting new massive flnws of refugees and dis- placed persons; 5. Invites the Commissio11 on Human Rights to keep the question of human rights and mass exoduses under re- view with a view to making appropriate recommendations concerning further measure, to he taken 111 this matter; 6. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its forty-third session 011 any devel- opments relating to the recommendations contained in the report ofthe Group ofGovernmental Experts on Interna- tional Co-operation to Avert ~ew Flows of Refugees; 7. Decides to continue consideratio11 of the quest1011 of human rights and rnass exoduses at ih forty-third session 93rd plenury meeting 7 Decemhcr /987 42/145. Improvement of social life The Generul Assembly, Bearing in m111d that the Members of the United Na- tions have undertaken in t he Charter to prornote ,ocia! progress a11d better standards of lite in larger freedorn, Recalling the principies proclairned in the Universal Declaratio11 ofl-Iuman Rights2 and the Declaration 011 So- cial Progress and Developrne11t, 14 Mindful of the need to establish a harmonious balance between scientific, technological and rnatenal progress and the intellectual, spiritual. cultural and moral advance- ment of mankind, Consideríng that the imprmcrnent of ,ocia! life must be based 011 respect for and t he promot inn of ali human rights and particularly 011 thc elimi11ati1111 of ali form., of dis- crimination, Recognizing that social progress aml developrnent are founded on respect for thc dignity anti \aluc ofthe human person, Considering that healthy rccreatwnal. cultural ami sports activities con tribute to the achicvcment of a proper leve( of physical and mental hcalth, Consideríng u/so that thc 1mprovcrncnt of social lite must take place in a co11ti11uou., and uninkrrupted rnan- ner, Mindful that the existing mequalitie., and imbalances in the international economic system are widening the gap betwee11 developed and developing countries and thereby constitute a major ohstacle to t he developmcnt of the de- veloping countries and adversely affcct international rela- tio11s and the promotion of world peace and security, Conscious that each count ry has t he sovereign right freely to adopt the economic and social ,ystem that it deems the most appropriate and that each Governrnent has a prirnary role in cnsuring t he ,ocia! progress and well- being of it,; people, Cunvinced of the urgen! neces.,ity rap1dly to eradicatl' colonialism, neo-colonialism, racisrn ancl ali forms ()f ra- cial discrimination, apurlhcid, t~)feign aggression, occupa tion and domination all(l ali forn1, ofincquality, exploita tion and subjugatíon uf people,. \\h1ch nlllstitutl' major obstacles to econorn1c and social prngres., a, well as tu thc promotion of world peacc ami ~ecurit 1, Recalling its resolution\ 40/ !()(J ,,f 11 Dccernher J l)X~ and 41/1'i7 ()f 4 D,•,-t•n1lw, ¡q,•, 1. Acknowledges that the progress achieved in the world social situation is still inadequate despite the efforts made and that efforts should therefore be redoubled; 2. Notes with great concern the slow progress in the im- plementation of the Declaration 011 Social Progress and Development; _t Reaffirms 1 hat the social aspects and goals of devel- opme11t are an integral part of the overall development proce~s a11d that it is the sovereign right of each State freely to determine and implement appropriate policies for social development within the framework of its develop- ment plans and priorities; 4. Emphasizes the importance, for the achievement of ~ocia! progress, of the establishment of the new interna- ! mnal economic order; 5, Calls upon Member States to make all efforts to pro- mote the speedy and complete elimination of such funda- mental elements hindering economic and social progress and development as colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism and ali forms of racial discrimination, apartheid, foreign aggression, occupation and domination and all forms of inequality and exploitation of peoples, and also to under- take etfective measures to lessen international tensions; 6. Reiterates that it is the right of everyone to enjoy the greatest possible degree of physical and mental health; 7_ Emphasizes that participation in cultural, sports and recreational activities and the use of leisure without díscrimination of any kind promotes the improvement of ~ocia] life; H. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare a report on the improvement of social life in the world, taking into account the observations made by Member States in ac- cordance with the present resolution; 9 Decides to resume consideration of the question of t he improvement of social life at its forty-third session_ 93rd plenary meeting 7 December 1987 42/146. Realization of the right to adequate housing /'he General Aswmbly, Reculling ih resolution 37 /221 of 20 December 1982, in which it proclairned the year 1987 International Year of Shelter for the Horneless, Recognizing the objectives of the International Year of Shelter for the Homeless, Bearing in mind that the Universal Declaration of Hu- man Rights2 and the International Covenant on Eco- nornic, Social and Cultural Rights 13 provide that all per- -;ons have the right to an adequate standard of living for themselves and their families, including adequate housing, and that States should take appropriate steps to ensure the realization of thi~ right, .Voting that the objectives of the International Year of '-lhelter for the Homeless are closely related to the realiza- tion of the economic, social and cultural rights set forth in the Universal Declaration ofHurnan Rights and the Inter- national Covenant 011 Economic, Social and Cultural R1ghts, l<crnl/i11g its re,nlutwn 41/146 of 4 Decernber 1986, /'aking into uccount Economic and Social Council reso- lution 1987/62 of 29 May 1987, 1 Expresses its deep concern that millions of people do '1<'1 en joy t he riglit to adequate housing: V l. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Third Committee 235 2. Reiterates the need to take, al the national and inter- national levels, measures to promote the right of ali per- sons toan adequate standard of living for themselvc<; and their families, induding adequate h\1using; 3. Calls upon ali States and international organizations concerned to pay special attention to thc 1ealization ofthe right to adequate housing in carrying out measures to de- velop national shelter strategics and settlement improvc- ment programmes within the framework of the global strategy for shelter to thc ycar 2000. 4. Requests the Economic and Social Council and its appropriate functional commissions to keep the question of the right to adequate housing under periodic review; 5. Decides to consider the questio11 again, following consideration thereof by the Economic a11d Social Coun- cil. 93ni plenary meeting 7 l>eceinher 1987 42/147. Situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Chile The General Assemhly, Aware of its responsibility to promote and encourage rc- spect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and de- termined to remain vigilant with regard tn violations of human rights where,er they tll'cur, Noting the obligation of the Government of Chile to re- spect and protect human rights in accordance with the in- ternational instruments to which Chile is a party, Bearing in mind that the concern of the international community at the situation of human rights in Chile was expressed by the General Assembly in a number ofresolu- tions, particularly resolution :B/ 173 of 20 Del·ember 1978 on disappeared persons and resolution 41/161 ot 4 December 1986, in which the Assembly invited the Commission on Human Rights to take the most appropri- ate steps for the effective restoratior1 of human rights and fundamental freedoms in that country, induding the ex- tension of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur, Considering that the Special Rapporteur propases to submit to the Commission on Human Rights at its forty- fourth session a final report 1H1 th,: -;ituation nf human rights in Chile, Recalling the pertinent resolutions of the Commission on Human Rights, particularly resolution 1 Q87 /60 of 12 March 1987,20 in which thc Commission decided, in ter alia, to extend the mandatl' of the Special Rapporteur for one year and to eon~ider that suhject as a matter of high priority, in view of the persi<;tence uf ,erÍ()IJS viola tions of human rights in Chile, Deploring once again the fact that the repeated appeals of the General Assembly, the Commission on Human Rights and other international organs to re-establish hu- man rights and fundamental fnxd<'m, h·1, '-' hee11 ignored by the Chilean authllrities. Considering the reports prcpared by var ious non governmental organizations which have made pubhc the serious violations of human rights in Chile, Observing that the maintenancc of -;tates of emergency constitutes a sou1ce nf freque11t violatinn..,, ,f human righh and gives rise to the arbitrary mter·,enti\ln ,ifthe auth,m ties in the free exereise of dcmo--:ratic aetivll ies, Noting that, although opposition publications have in sorne cases been authori,ed. t be,,· ;,r ,• frequ<:ntlv <;11hjected to arbttrary restrictions and limitations, including the de- tention and prosecution of their editors, Regretting that measures taken by the Government of Chile, such as signing international instruments against torture and authorizing the lnternational Committee of the Red Cross to visit places of detention in sorne cases, have not put an end to the practice oftorture and arbitrary detention, Notlng that, in the absence of an institutional framework fór holding free elections, the adoption oflaws on política} parties and electoral registration does not constitute an ex- pression of the people's sovereignty or meet the basic re- quirements of a democratic rule of law or comply with the principie of non-discrimination on grounds of political or other opinions recognized in the International Covenant 011 Civil and Political Rights, 13 l. 'J'akes note with interest of the preliminary report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation ofhuman rights in Chile, 173 submitted in accordance with Commission on Human Rights resolution 1987 /60; 2. Welcomes the positive fact that the Government of Chile permitted the Special Rapporteur to visit the coun- try again in March 1987, providing him with its continu- ing co-operation and free access to the facilities for con- ducting his investigation and expresses its confidence that a further visit will be authorized on the same conditions in the immediate future; at the same time, it regrets that this co-operation of the Government of Chile with the efforts ofthe United Nations has not led to a substantial improve- ment in human rights and fundamental freedoms; :1. Expresses its deep distress at the absence of a legal and political structure that protects the unrestricted exer- cise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, a basic condition for the free expression of the people's sover- eignty; 4. Again expresses its conviction that a legal and politi- cal order based on the ei.pression of the people's will through an electoral process open, on an equal footing, to ali citizens and on free elections is fundamental to the full respect for human rights in Chile as it is in any other coun- t ry: 5. Expresses its deep concern at the seriousness of the significant and well-documented complaints of serious vi- olations of human rights in Chile, as described in the re- port of the Special Rapporteur, which refers to violations of the rights to life, physical and moral integrity, liberty, security, due process and procedural guarantees, the right to en ter and lea ve the country freely, and the rights to free- dom of movement and freedom of speech and information; 6. Expresses its distress al the denial of fundamental rights and freedoms through the maintenance of arbitrary executive powers during the prolonged period in which states of emergency have been in force, at the climate ofin- security, the use of unlawful coercion, torture and ill- treatment by the security forces, the renewal of adminis- trative banishments and the practice of forced disappearances, as well as the existence of bands and groups. whether prívate or connected with the security forces, that engage with impunity in actions ranging from mtnnidation to assassination; 7. Expresses its concern at the denial by the Chilean authorities of the exercise of the rights of free expression, assembly and association, through the use of repressive met lrnds and violent responses to demonstrations of social ,111d political opposition, in particular military searches of

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