A/RES/42/35 GA

70 General Assembly-Forty-second Session the decision of the Organization of African Unity for the denuclearization of Africa, 33 Stressing the need to preserve peace and security in Africa by ensuring that the continent is a nuclear-weapon- free zone, 1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General on South Africa's nuclear capability; 2. Condemns the massive buildup of South Africa's military machine, in particular its frenzied acquisition of nuclear-weapon capability for repressive and aggressive purposes and as an instrument of blackmail; 3. Further condemns ali forms of nuclear collaboration by any State, corporation, institution or individual with the racist régime of South Africa, in particular the deci- sion by sorne Member States to grant licences to severa) corporations in their territories to provide equipment and technical and maintenance services for nuclear installa- tions in South Africa; 4. Reaffirms that the acqmsttJon of nuclear-weapon capability by the racist régime constitutes a very grave danger to international peace and security and, in particu- lar, jeopardizes the security of African States and in- creases the danger ofthe proliferation ofnuclear weapons; 5. Expresses itsfull support for the African States faced with the danger of South Africa's nuclear capability; 6. Commends the actions taken by those Governments which have taken measures to restrict co-operation with South Africa in nuclear and other fields; 7. Demands that South Africa and ali other foreign in- terests put an immediate end to the exploration for and ex- ploitation of uranium resources in Namibia; 8. Calls upan all States, corporations, institutions and individuals to termínate forthwith ali forms of military and nuclear collaboration with the racist régime; 9. Requests the Disarmament Commission to consider once again as a matter of priority during its substantive session in 1988 South Africa's nuclear capability, taking into account, in ter afia, the findings included in the report of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Re- search on South Africa's nuclear capability; 10. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all the necessary assistance that the Organization of African Unity may seek regarding the modalities and elements for the preparation and implementation of the relevant con- vention or treaty on the denuclearization of Africa; 11. Commends the adoption by the Security Council of resolutions 558 (1984) of 13 December 1984 and 591 (1986) of 28 November 1986 on the question of South Africa, with a view to blocking the existing loopholes in the arms embargo so as to render it more effective and pro- hibiting, in particular, all forms of co-operation and col- laboration with the racist régime of South Africa in the nuclear field; 12. Demands once again that South Africa submit forthwith ali its nuclear installations and facilities to in- spection by the International Atomic Energy Agency; 13. Requests the Secretary-General to follow very closely South Africa's evolution in the nuclear field and to report thereon to the General Assembly at its forty-third session. 33 See resolution S-10/2. para 61 (e) Mth plenary meeting 311 Novemher /9fi7 42/35. Prohibition of the development and manufac- ture of new types of weapons of mass destruc- tion and new systems of such weapons /'he General Assemb/y, Reca//ing its previous resolutions on the prohibition of the development and manufacture of new types of weap- ons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons, Reca//ing also the decision contained in paragraph 77 of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly, 11 to the effect that, in order to help prevent a qualitative arms race and so that scientific and technological achievements might ultimately be used solely for peaceful purposes, effective measures should be taken to prevent the emergen ce of new types of weapons of mass destruction based on new scientific principies and achievements and that efforts aimed at the prohibition of such new types and new systems of weapons of mass de- struction should be appropriately pursued, Noting that in the course of its 1987 session the Confer- ence on Disarmament considered the ítem entitled "New types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons; radiological weapons", Taking into consideration the section ofthe report ofthe Conference on Disarmament relating to this question, 34 Convinced that ali ways and means should be utilized to prevent the development and manufacture ofnew types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons, Determined to prevent modern science and technology from leading to the development of new types of weapons of mass destruction that have characteristics comparable in destructive effect to those of weapons of mass destruc- tion identified in the definition of weapons of mass de- struction adopted by the U nited Nations in 1948, 35 l. Reaffirms, on the basis of the common desire of the international community, the necessity of prohibiting the development and manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons; 2. Requests the Conference on Disarmament, in the light of its existing priorities, to keep constantly under re- view, with appropriate expert assistance, the question of the prohibition of the development and manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new sys- tems of such weapons with a view to making, when neces- sary, recommendations on undertaking specific negotia- tions on the identified types of such weapons; 3. Ca/Is upan ali States, immediately following the identification of any new type of weapon of mass destruc- tion, to renounce practica! development of such a weapon and to commence negotiations on its prohibition; 4. Once again urges ali States to refrain from any ac- tion that could lead to the emergence of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of such weapons; 5. Ca/Is again upon ali States to undertake efforts to ensure that ultimately scientific and technological achieve- ments may be used solely for peaceful purposes; 6. Requests the Secretary-General to transmit to the Conference on Disarmament ali documents relating to the consideration of this ítem by the General Assembly at its forty-second session; 34 Ojjicial Records o) che General Assembly. Forty-second Session, Suf.p/ement No. 27 (A/42/27), sect. III.G. _; The definition was adopted by the Commission for Conventional .\ rmaments (see SIC.1, 12 IRcv.1). III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First C'ommittee 71 7. Requests the Conference on Disarmament to submit to the General Assembly for consideration at its forty- third session a report on the results achieved; 8. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its forty-third session the ítem entitled "Prohibition ofthe de- velopment and manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction and new systems of <;uch weapons: report of the Conference on Disarmament". 84th plenary meeting 30 November 1987 42/36. Reduction of military budgets The General Assembly, Deep/y concerned about the ever-spiralling arms race and growing military expend1tures, which constitute a heavy burden for the economies of ali nations and have ex- tremely harmful effects nn world peace and security, Reaffirming once again the provisions of paragraph 89 of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly, 11 the first special session devoted to disarmament, according to which the gradual reduction of military budgets on a mutually agreed basis, for example, in absolute figures or in terms of percentage, particularly by nuclear-weapon States and other militarily significan! States, would contribute to curbing the arms race and would increase the possibilities for the reallocation of re- sources now being used for military purposes to economic and social development, particularly for the benefit of t he developing countries, Convinced that the freezing and reduction of military budgets would have favourablc consequences on the world economic and financia! situation and might facilitate ef- forts made to in crease internationa I assistance for the de- veloping countries, Recalling that at its twelfth special session, the second special session devoted to disarmament, ali Member States unanimously and categorically reaffirmed the validity of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session, as well as their solemn commitment to it/6 Recalling also that in the Declaration of the 1980s as the Second United Nations Disarmament Decade, it is pro- vided that during this period renewed efforts should be made to reach agreement 011 the redu..::tion of military ex- penditures and the reallocation of resourcc), thus saved to economic and social develo~ment, especially for the bene- fit of developing countries,- 7 Recalling further the provisions of its relevant resolu- tions, in which it considered that a new ímpetus should he given to the endeavours to achieve agreements to freeze, reduce or otherwise restrain, in a balanced manner, mili- tary expenditures, including adequate measures of veriti- cation satisfactory to ali parties concerned, Aware of the vanous proposals submitted by Member States and of the activities carried out so far within the framework ofthe United Nations m the field ofthe reduc- tion of military budgets, Considering that the identitication and elaboration of the principies that should govern further actions of States in freezing and reducing military budgeh and the other cur- ren! activities within the framework of the United Nations related to the question of the reduct i()n of military budgets 36 Of]ic1ál Record,- of 1h,, Ge11cru/ ,lssembly. '/'weljih Spe.-wl Scrn,111, Annexe.,, agenda items q tu 1 _\, dncument l\/'i- l 2/J2. para t,1 :n Sce rc<.,,o)utinn 1""./ lh, ·1111ll'X. par;1 l-:. - ---- -- ---- - - . - should be regarded as having the fundamental objective of reaching international agreements on the reduction of military expenditures, Noting that thc Disarmament Commission, at its 198ó substantive session, agreed upon the above-mentioned principies except eme, on which various alternatives were proposcd by Member States,38 \. Declares aga/11 its co11viction that it is possible to achievc international agreements nn the reduction of mili- tary budgets without prejudice to the right of ali States to und1minished security. self-defence and sovereignty: 2. Appeals to ali States, in particular to the most heavily armed States. pending the conclusion of agree- ments on the reduction of military expenditures, to exer- cise ,elf-restraint in their military expenditures with a view to realloca1ing the funds thus saved to economic and socia I development. particularly for t he benefit of develop- ing cnuntries; 3. Reajfirms that thc human and material resources released through the reduction of military expenditures could be reallocated for economic and social development, particularly for the benefit of the developing countries: 4. Requests thc Disarmament Commission to continue the consideration of the item entitled "Reduction of mili- tary budgets" and, in this context, to conclude, at its 1988 substantive session, its work on the last outstanding para- graph of the principies that should govern further actions of States in the field of freezing and reduction of military budgets, and to submit its report and recommendations to the General Assembly not later than at the forty-third ses- sion nf the Assembly: 5. Draws anew thc attention of Member States to the fact that the identification and elaboration of the princi- pies that should govern further actions of States in freez- ing and reducing military budgets could contribute to har .. monizing the views úÍ States and creating confidence among them conducivc to achieving international agree- ments on the reductinn of military budgets; 6. Urges ali Member States, in particular the most heavily armed States, to reinforce their readiness to co- operate in a constructive manner with a view to reaching agre.::ments to freeze, reduce or otherwise restrain military expenditures; 7. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its forty-third session the item entitled "Reductinn of mili- tary budgets" 84th plenary meeting 30 November 1987 42/37. Chemical and bacteriological (biological) weapons A C'HEMICAL ANO BACTERIOLOGICAL (BIOLOGICAL) WEAPONS Thc General Assembly, Recalling its previous resolutions relating to the com- plete and effeetive prohibition of the development, pro- duetion ami ~tockpiling ,)f all d1e111iL·al \H'apnns and to tlwir (kstn1L'lion, •,x Off1c1<,I Record, o} 11,,, Grncra/ !ls.wm/,/y. Fnrty-Jirst Sc.1.üo11. \1rnn/1 ,m,,u Vn. J_'t t.-\ A) 4::1). p.11a. 2X ~

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