A/RES/47/51 GA

III. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the First Committee 61 of an international convention to assure non-nuclear- weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, although the difficulties as regards evolving a common approach acceptable to all have also been pointed out; 3. Appeals to all States, especially the nuclear-weapon States, to work actively towards an early agreement on a common approach and, in particular, on a common formula that could be included in an international instrument of a legally binding character; 4. Recommends that further intensive efforts should be devoted to the search for such a common approach or com- mon formula and that the various alternative approaches, including, in particular, those considered in the Conference on Disarmament, should be further explored in order to overcome the difficulties; 5. Recommends also that the Conference on Disarma- ment should actively continue intensive negotiations with a view to reaching early agreement and concluding effec- tive international arrangements to assure non-nuclear- weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, taking into account the widespread support for the conclusion of an international convention and giving consideration to any other proposals designed to secure the same objective; 6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its forty-eighth session the item entitled "Conclusion of effec- tive international arrangements to assure non-nuclear- weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons". 81st plenary meeting 9 December 1992 47/51. Prevention of an arms race in outer space The General Assembly, Recognizing the common interest of all mankind in the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes, Reaffirming the will of all States that the exploration and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, shall be for peaceful purposes, shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interest of all countries, irrespec- tive of their degree of economic or scientific development, and shall be the province of all mankind, Reaffirming also provisions of articles III and IV of the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies,31 Recalling the obligation of all States to observe the pro- visions of the Charter of the United Nations regarding the use or threat of use of force in their international relations, including in their space activities, Reaffirming further paragraph 80 of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly,23 in which it is stated that in order to prevent an arms race in outer space further measures should be taken and appropri- ate international negotiations held in accordance with the spirit of the Treaty, Recalling also its resolutions on this issue and paragraph 45, section D, chapter II, of the Final Document adopted by the Tenth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Jakarta from I to 6 Sep- tember 1992, 6 and taking note of the proposals submitted to the General Assembly at its tenth special session and at its regular sessions, and of the recommendations made to the competent organs of the United Nations and to the Con- ference on Disarmament, Recognizing the grave danger for international peace and security of an arms race in outer space and of developments contributing to it, Emphasizing the paramount importance of strict compli- ance with existing arms limitation and disarmament agree- ments relevant to outer space, including bilateral agree- ments, and with the existing legal regime concerning the use of outer space, Considering that wide participation in the legal regime applicable to outer space could contribute to enhancing its effectiveness, Noting that bilateral negotiations, begun in 1985 be- tween the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America, have continued with the declared objective of working out effective agreements aimed, inter alia, at preventing an arms race in outer space, Welcoming the re-establishment of the Ad Hoe Commit- tee on the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space at the 1992 session of the Conference on Disarmament, in the exercise of the negotiating responsibilities of this sole mul- tilateral body on disarmament, to continue to examine and identify, through substantive and general consideration, issues relevant to the prevention of an arms race in outer space, Noting also that the Ad Hoe Committee on the Preven- tion of an Arms Race in Outer Space, taking into account its previous efforts since its establishment in 1985 and seeking to enhance its functioning in qualitative terms, continued the examination and identification of various issues, existing agreements and existing proposals, as well as future initiatives relevant to the prevention of an arms race in outer space,32 and that this contributed to a better understanding of a number of problems and to a clearer perception of the various positions, Emphasizing the mutually complementary nature of bilateral and multilateral efforts in the field of preventing an arms race in outer space, and hoping that concrete re- sults will emerge from these efforts as soon as possible, Convinced that further measures should be examined in the search for effective and verifiable bilateral and multi- lateral agreements in order to prevent an arms race in outer space, Stressing that the growing use of outer space increases the need for greater transparency and better information on the part of the international community, Recalling in this context its resolution 45/55 B of 4 De- cember 1990 which, inter alia, reaffirmed the importance of confidence-building measures as means conducive to ensuring the attainment of the objective of the prevention of an arms race in outer space, Conscious of the benefits of confidence- and security- building measures in the military field, I. Reaffirms the importance and urgency of preventing an arms race in outer space and the readiness of all States to contribute to that common objective, in conformity with the provisions of the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies; 62 General Assembly-Forty-seventh Session 2. Reaffirms its recognition, as stated in the report of the Ad Hoe Committee on the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space, that the legal regime applicable to outer space by itself does not guarantee the prevention of an arms race in outer space, that this legal regime plays a sig- nificant role in the prevention of an arms race in that en- vironment, that there is a need to consolidate and reinforce that regime and enhance its effectiveness, and that it is im- portant strictly to comply with existing agreements, both bilateral and multilateral;33 3. Emphasizes the necessity of further measures with appropriate and effective provisions for verification to pre- vent an arms race in outer space; 4. Calls upon all States, in particular those with major space capabilities, to contribute actively to the objective of the peaceful use of outer space and of the prevention of an arms race in outer space and to refrain from actions con- trary to that objective and to the relevant existing treaties in the interest of maintaining international peace and secu- rity and promoting international cooperation; 5. Reiterates that the Conference on Disarmament, as the single multilateral disarmament negotiating forum, has the primary role in the negotiation of a multilateral agree- ment or agreements, as appropriate, on the prevention of an arms race in outer space in all its aspects; 6. Requests the Conference on Disarmament to con- sider as a matter of priority the question of preventing an arms race in outer space; 7. Also requests the Conference on Disarmament to intensify its consideration of the question of the preven- tion of an arms race in outer space in all its aspects, build- ing upon areas of convergence and taking into account relevant proposals and initiatives, including those pre- sented in the Ad Hoe Committee at the 1992 session of the Conference and at the forty-seventh session of the General Assembly; 8. Further requests the Conference on Disarmament to re-establish an ad hoe committee with an adequate mandate at the beginning of its 1993 session and to continue build- ing upon areas of convergence with a view to undertaking negotiations for the conclusion of an agreement or agree- ments, as appropriate, to prevent an arms race in outer space in all its aspects; 9. Recognizes, in this respect, the growing conver- gence of views on the elaboration of measures designed to strengthen transparency, confidence and security in the uses of outer space; 10. Urges the Russian Federation and the United States of America to pursue intensively their bilateral negotia- tions in a constructive spirit with a view to reaching early agreement for preventing an arms race in outer space, and to advise the Conference on Disarmament periodically of the progress of their bilateral sessions so as to facilitate its work; 11. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its forty-eighth session the item entitled "Prevention of an arms race in outer space". 81st plenary meeting 9 December 1992 47/52. General and complete disarmament A PREPARATORY COMMITTEE FOR THE 1995 CONFERENCE OF THE ST A TES PARTIES TO THE TREATY ON THE NON-PRO- LIFERATION OFNUCLEAR WEAPONS The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 2373 (XXII) of 12 June 1968, the annex to which contains the Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,22 Noting the provisions of article X, paragraph 2, of that Treaty, requiring the holding of a conference twenty-~ve years after the entry into force of the Treaty, to decide whether the Treaty shall continue in force indefinitely or shall be extended for an additional fixed period or periods, Noting also the provisions of article VIII, paragraph_ 3, concerning the convening of review conferences, which provides for quinquennial review conferences, Noting further that the last review conference took place in 1990, Recalling that the Treaty entered into force on 5 March 1970, Recalling also its decision 46/413 of 6 December 1991, by which it took note of the intent of the parties to form a preparatory committee in 1993 for the conference called for in article X, paragraph 2, of the Treaty, l. Takes note of the decision of the parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, following appropriate consultations, to form a preparatory committee for a conference to review the operation of the Treaty and to decide on its extension, as called for in article X, para- graph 2, and also as provided for in article VIII, paragraph 3, of the Treaty; 2. Notes that the Preparatory Committee will be open to all the parties to the Treaty and, if the Preparatory Com- mittee so decides at the outset of its first session, to States not parties, as observers, and will hold its first meeting in New York from 10 to 14 May 1993; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to render the neces- sary assistance and to provide such services, including summary records, as may be required for the 1995 Confer- ence and its Preparatory Committee. B 81st plenary meeting 9 December 1992 PROHIBITION OF THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, STOCKPILING AND USE OF RADIOLOGICAL WEAPONS The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 46/36 E of 6 December 1991, l. Takes note of the part of the report of the Conference on Disarmament on its 1992 session that deals with the question of radiological weapons, in particular the report of the Ad Hoe Committee on Radiological Weapons;34 2. Recognizes that in 1992 the Ad Hoe Committee made a further contribution to the clarification of different approaches that continue to exist with regard to both of the important subjects under consideration; 3. Takes note also of the recommendation of the Con- ference on Disarmament that the Ad Hoe Committee on

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