A/RES/75/71 GA

United Nations A/RES/75/71 General Assembly Distr.: General 16 December 2020 20-16891 (E) 221220 *2016891* Seventy-fifth session Agenda item 103 (ee) General and complete disarmament: joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 7 December 2020 [on the report of the First Committee (A/75/399, para. 96)] 75/71. Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons The General Assembly, Reaffirming that achieving a world without nuclear weapons is a common goal for the international community, Reaffirming also that the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons1 is the cornerstone of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and an essential foundation for the pursuit of nuclear disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, which are mutually reinforcing, and reaffirming its determination to further enhance the universality of the Treaty, Noting the postponement of the tenth Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, scheduled from 27 April to 22 May 2020, underscoring the importance of its successful outcome, recalling that the year 2020 marks the fiftieth anniversary of the entry into force of the Treaty and 75 years since the use of nuclear weapons in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, stressing that since that time no nuclear weapons have been used, and emphasizing the necessity for all States parties to comply with all of their obligations regarding nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation under the Treaty, Reaffirming the importance of the agreed steps contained in the Final Documents of the 19952 Review and Extension Conference of the Parties to the Treaty __________________ 1 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 729, No. 10485. 2 1995 Review and Extension Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, Part I (NPT/CONF.1995/32 (Part I) and NPT/CONF.1995/32 (Part I)/Corr.2). A/RES/75/71 Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons 20-16891 2/4 on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and of the 20003 and 20104 Review Conferences of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Bearing in mind that various approaches exist towards the realization of a world without nuclear weapons and that confidence-building among all States is essential to this end, Emphasizing the importance for all States of taking further practical steps and effective measures towards the total elimination of nuclear weapons, in a way that promotes international stability, peace and security, and based on the principle of undiminished and increased security for all, Encouraging the establishment of further nuclear-weapon-free zones, where appropriate, on the basis of arrangements freely arrived at among States of the region concerned, and in accordance with the 1999 guidelines of the Disarmament Commission,5 Stressing the importance of the immediate commencement and early conclusion of negotiations on a treaty banning the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in the Conference on Disarmament, and supporting the commencement of such negotiations in accordance with document CD/1299 and the mandate contained therein, and voluntarily ceasing such production pending the entry into force of such a treaty, Stressing also the importance of preventing further nuclear testing, such as through the signing and ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty6 without delay by all States, in particular the eight remaining States in annex 2 thereto, Recognizing the importance of reducing the risk of nuclear weapons being used either by miscalculation or by misunderstanding, Recalling the indispensable role of effective and credible nuclear disarmament verification in assuring compliance, in the course of achieving and then maintaining the elimination of nuclear weapons, welcoming the substantive work of the Group of Governmental Experts to consider the role of verification in advancing nuclear disarmament, as contained in its report,7 and welcoming also the establishment of a new group of governmental experts pursuant to resolution 74/50 of 12 December 2019, Recognizing the importance of the Treaty on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (New START Treaty), recognizing the ongoing dialogue among parties on the potential extension of that Treaty in a way that contributes to strategic stability, stressing specifically the importance of more transparency among nuclear-weapon States, and reaffirming their special responsibility to initiate arms control dialogues in good faith on effective measures to prevent nuclear arms racing and help to prepare the way for the eventual elimination of nuclear weapons, Recognizing also the value of cooperative work across the existing multilateral disarmament machinery to support work towards disarmament objectives, __________________ 3 2000 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, vols. I–III (NPT/CONF.2000/28 (Parts I and II), NPT/CONF.2000/28 (Part III) and NPT/CONF.2000/28 (Part IV)). 4 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, vols. I–III (NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. I), NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. II) and NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. III)). 5 Official Records of the General Assembly, Fifty-fourth Session, Supplement No. 42 (A/54/42), annex I, sect. C. 6 See resolution 50/245 and A/50/1027. 7 See A/74/90. Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons A/RES/75/71 3/4 20-16891 Noting the importance of considering the possible impacts of developments in science and technology on arms control, disarmament, non-proliferation and international security, Stressing that effective nuclear disarmament and the enhancement of international security are mutually reinforcing, Reaffirming that further strengthening of the international regime for nuclear non-proliferation is essential to international peace and security, Recalling relevant Security Council resolutions calling upon the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to abandon all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programmes, and all other weapons of mass destruction and its ballistic missile programme, in a complete, verifiable and irreversible manner, and welcoming diplomatic efforts to achieve the final and fully verified denuclearization of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea through the meetings between the President of the United States of America and the Chairman of the Workers’ Party of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Noting that efforts to encompass different generations, areas of the world and genders in disarmament and non-proliferation education underscore efforts and create momentum towards achieving a world without nuclear weapons, Recognizing the catastrophic humanitarian consequences that would result from the use of nuclear weapons, Welcoming the visits of leaders, youth and others to Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Reaffirming that the equal, full and effective participation of both women and men is one of the essential factors for the promotion and attainment of sustainable peace and security, Reaffirming also that the international community needs to take immediate actions together and to conduct future-oriented dialogues in order to further facilitate the implementation of concrete nuclear disarmament measures through confidence-building, 1. Reaffirms that all States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons are committed to the ultimate goal of eliminating nuclear weapons, including through the easing of international tension, as well as the strengthening of trust between States and of the international regime for nuclear non-proliferation, and to the full and steady implementation of the Treaty in all its aspects, including article VI of the Treaty, towards the realization of a world without nuclear weapons; 2. Calls upon all States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to identify concrete measures to put the commitments into practice towards and beyond the tenth Review Conference; 3. Encourages the following, inter alia, as joint courses of action: (a) All States, in particular the nuclear-weapon States, to immediately take concrete measures to enhance transparency and mutual confidence, including, inter alia, by providing frequent and detailed reporting on the implementation of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and opportunities for discussion of these reports; (b) All States possessing nuclear weapons to take actions to reduce the risks of nuclear detonation occurring either by miscalculation or by misunderstanding, and to make further efforts to this end, including transparency and dialogue on nuclear doctrines and postures, military-to-military dialogues, hotlines or information and data exchanges; (c) All States to immediately make every effort, including declaring and maintaining moratoriums on the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, as well as deepening substantive discussions in the A/RES/75/71 Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons 20-16891 4/4 Conference on Disarmament, to start negotiations on a treaty banning the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; (d) All States, including the eight remaining States in annex 2 to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, to immediately make every effort to achieve the cessation of all nuclear-weapon test explosions and all other nuclear explosions as called for in the Treaty, such as through adopting and maintaining moratoriums on nuclear-weapon test explosions or any other nuclear explosions and declaring their political will to do so, providing transparency in activities related to nuclear-weapon testing, which may run counter to such moratoriums, the signing and ratification of the Treaty without delay, as well as through continued support for the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization; (e) All States to continue to make practical contributions to nuclear disarmament verification, including through concrete exercises, at the United Nations and the Conference on Disarmament, and in the framework of the International Partnership for Nuclear Disarmament Verification; (f) All States to facilitate efforts on nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation education, inter alia, efforts in which the young generation can actively engage, including through dialogue platforms, mentoring, internships, fellowships, scholarships, model events and youth group activities, as well as to raise awareness of the realities of the use of nuclear weapons, including through, among others, visits by leaders, youth and others to and interactions with communities and people, including the hibakusha (those who have suffered the use of nuclear weapons) who pass on their experiences to the future generations; 4. Also encourages, for the purpose of facilitating future-oriented dialogues in order to advance nuclear disarmament, the following: (a) Nuclear-weapon States to clearly set out their nuclear policies and doctrines at international forums, including the Review Conference and Preparatory Committees of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, the Conference on Disarmament and the First Committee of the General Assembly, and all States to conduct interactive discussions, based on such nuclear policies and doctrines; (b) All States to conduct dialogue regarding the possible impacts of developments in science and technology on arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation; (c) All States to conduct candid dialogue on the relationship between nuclear disarmament and security; 5. Reaffirms the commitment to strengthening the international regime for nuclear non-proliferation and to achieving the complete denuclearization of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, in accordance with relevant Security Council resolutions, and the responsibility of all States for the full implementation of all relevant Security Council resolutions, and calls upon the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to return at an early date to full compliance with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, including that of the International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards; 6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its seventy-sixth session, under the item entitled “General and complete disarmament”, the sub-item entitled “Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons”. 37th plenary meeting 7 December 2020

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