A/RES/76/54 GA

United Nations A/RES/76/54 General Assembly Distr.: General 13 December 2021 21-18495 (E) 161221 *2118495* Seventy-sixth session Agenda item 100 (z) General and complete disarmament: joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 December 2021 [on the report of the First Committee (A/76/444, para. 93)] 76/54. Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons The General Assembly, Reaffirming that achieving a world without nuclear weapons is a common goal for the international community, Reaffirming also that the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons1 is the cornerstone of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and an essential foundation for the pursuit of nuclear disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, which are mutually reinforcing, and reaffirming its determination to further enhance the universality of the Treaty, Noting the postponement of the tenth Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, underscoring the importance of its successful outcome, commemorating that the year 2020 was the fiftieth anniversary of the entry into force of the Treaty and recalling that it has been 76 years since the use of nuclear weapons in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, stressing that since that time no nuclear weapons have been used, Emphasizing the necessity for all States parties to comply with all of their obligations regarding nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and reaffirming the importance of implementing commitments contained in the Final Documents of the 19952 Review and Extension Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of __________________ 1 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 729, No. 10485. 2 1995 Review and Extension Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, Part I (NPT/CONF.1995/32 (Part I) and NPT/CONF.1995/32 (Part I)/Corr.2). A/RES/76/54 Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons 21-18495 2/5 Nuclear Weapons and of the 20003 and 20104 Review Conferences of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Bearing in mind that various approaches exist towards the realization of a world without nuclear weapons and that confidence-building among all States is essential to this end, Emphasizing the importance for all States of taking further practical steps and effective measures towards the total elimination of nuclear weapons, in a way that promotes international stability, peace and security, and based on the principle of undiminished and increased security for all, Stressing that effective nuclear disarmament and the enhancement of international security should be pursued in a mutually reinforcing manner, Reaffirming that further strengthening of the international regime for nuclear non-proliferation is essential to international peace and security, Encouraging the establishment of further nuclear-weapon-free zones, where appropriate, on the basis of arrangements freely arrived at among States of the region concerned, and in accordance with the 1999 guidelines of the Disarmament Commission,5 adopted by consensus, Recognizing the importance of the decisions and the resolution on the Middle East of the 1995 Review and Extension Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons6 and the Final Documents of the 2000 and 2010 Review Conferences of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and reaffirming its support for the establishment of a Middle East zone free of nuclear weapons and all other weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems on the basis of arrangements freely arrived at by the States of the region and in accordance with the 1995 resolution on the Middle East, Stressing the importance of the immediate commencement and early conclusion of negotiations on a treaty banning the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in the Conference on Disarmament, and supporting the commencement of such negotiations in accordance with document CD/1299 and the mandate contained therein, and voluntarily ceasing such production pending the entry into force of such a treaty, which not all nuclear-weapon States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons have declared to date, Recalling that it has been 25 years since the opening for signature of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty,7 Recognizing the importance of reducing the risk of nuclear weapons being used either by miscalculation or by misunderstanding, __________________ 3 2000 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, vols. I–III (NPT/CONF.2000/28 (Parts I and II), NPT/CONF.2000/28 (Part III) and NPT/CONF.2000/28 (Part IV)). 4 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, vols. I–III (NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. I), NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. II) and NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. III)). 5 Official Records of the General Assembly, Fifty-fourth Session, Supplement No. 42 (A/54/42), annex I, sect. C. 6 See 1995 Review and Extension Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document, Part I (NPT/CONF.1995/32 (Part I) and NPT/CONF.1995/32 (Part I)/Corr.2), annex. 7 See resolution 50/245 and A/50/1027. Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons A/RES/76/54 3/5 21-18495 Recalling the indispensable role of effective and credible nuclear disarmament verification in assuring compliance, in the course of achieving and then maintaining the elimination of nuclear weapons, and welcoming the establishment of the Group of Governmental Experts to further consider nuclear disarmament verification issues, including, inter alia, the concept of a Group of Scientific and Technical Experts pursuant to resolution 74/50 of 12 December 2019, Welcoming the extension of the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (New START Treaty), welcoming demonstrations of transparency, but stressing specifically the importance of concrete actions for more transparency between and among nuclear-weapon States, and reaffirming their special responsibility to initiate and actively engage in arms control dialogues in good faith on effective measures to prevent nuclear arms racing and help to prepare the way for the eventual elimination of nuclear weapons, Recognizing the value of cooperative work across the existing multilateral disarmament machinery to support work towards disarmament objectives, Recalling relevant Security Council resolutions deciding that the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea shall abandon all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programmes, and all other weapons of mass destruction and its ballistic missile programmes, in a complete, verifiable and irreversible manner, and welcoming diplomatic efforts towards that goal, Noting that efforts to encompass different generations, areas of the world and genders in disarmament and non-proliferation education underscore efforts and create momentum towards achieving a world without nuclear weapons, Recognizing the catastrophic humanitarian consequences that would result from the use of nuclear weapons, Welcoming the visits of leaders, youth and others to Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Reaffirming that the equal, full and effective participation of both women and men is one of the essential factors for the promotion and attainment of sustainable peace and security, Reaffirming also that the international community needs to take immediate actions together and to conduct future-oriented dialogues in order to further facilitate the implementation of concrete nuclear disarmament measures through confidence-building, 1. Reaffirms that all States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons are committed to the ultimate goal of eliminating nuclear weapons, including through the easing of international tension, as well as the strengthening of trust between States and of the international regime for nuclear non-proliferation, and to the full and steady implementation of the Treaty in all its aspects, including article VI of the Treaty, towards the realization of a world without nuclear weapons; 2. Calls upon all States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to identify concrete measures to put the commitments into practice towards and beyond the tenth Review Conference; 3. Encourages the following, inter alia, as joint courses of action: (a) All States, in particular the nuclear-weapon States, to immediately take concrete measures to enhance transparency and mutual confidence, including, inter alia, by providing frequent and detailed reporting on the implementation of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and opportunities for discussion of these reports; A/RES/76/54 Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons 21-18495 4/5 (b) All States possessing nuclear weapons to take actions to reduce the risks of nuclear detonation occurring, inter alia, by miscalculation or by misunderstanding, and to make further efforts to this end, including transparency and dialogue on nuclear doctrines and postures, military-to-military dialogues, hotlines or information and data exchanges; (c) All States to immediately make every effort, including declaring and maintaining voluntary moratoriums on the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, as well as deepening substantive discussions in the Conference on Disarmament, to immediately commence negotiations on a treaty banning the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in the Conference on Disarmament in accordance with document CD/1299 and the mandate contained therein; (d) All States, including the eight remaining States listed in annex 2 to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty that have not yet signed and/or ratified the Treaty, to do so without waiting for any other State, to work to achieve entry into force of the Treaty, and to declare or maintain existing moratoriums on nuclear- weapon test explosions or any other nuclear explosions pending the entry into force of the Treaty, as well as to continue support for the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization and its work in preparing for entry into force; (e) All States to continue to make practical contributions to nuclear disarmament verification, including through concrete exercises, at the United Nations and the Conference on Disarmament, and in initiatives such as the International Partnership for Nuclear Disarmament Verification; (f) All States to facilitate efforts on nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation education, inter alia, efforts in which the young generation can actively engage, including through dialogue platforms, mentoring, internships, fellowships, scholarships, model events and youth group activities, as well as to raise awareness of the realities of the use of nuclear weapons, including through, among others, visits by leaders, youth and others to and interactions with communities and people, including the hibakusha (those who have suffered the use of nuclear weapons) who pass on their experiences to the future generations; 4. Also encourages, for the purpose of facilitating future-oriented dialogues in order to advance nuclear disarmament, the following: (a) Nuclear-weapon States to clearly set out their nuclear policies and doctrines at international forums, including the Review Conference and Preparatory Committees of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, the Conference on Disarmament, the First Committee of the General Assembly and the Disarmament Commission, and all States to conduct interactive discussions, based on such nuclear policies and doctrines; (b) All States to conduct dialogue regarding the possible impacts of developments in science and technology on arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation; (c) All States to conduct candid dialogue on the relationship between nuclear disarmament and security; 5. Reaffirms the commitment to strengthening the international regime for nuclear non-proliferation, including through adherence to International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards, including comprehensive safeguards agreements and additional protocols, and compliance with non-proliferation obligations, including Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons A/RES/76/54 5/5 21-18495 through the implementation of relevant resolutions of the Security Council, including resolution 1540 (2004) of 28 April 2004; 6. Also reaffirms the commitment to achieving the complete, verifiable and irreversible abandonment of all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programmes, as well as all other existing weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles of all ranges, of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in accordance with relevant Security Council resolutions, and the obligation of all Member States for the full implementation of all relevant Security Council resolutions, and urges the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to return at an early date to and fully comply with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards; 7. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its seventy-seventh session, under the item entitled “General and complete disarmament”, the sub-item entitled “Joint courses of action and future-oriented dialogue towards a world without nuclear weapons”. 45th plenary meeting 6 December 2021

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