A/RES/80/210 GA

United Nations A/RES/80/210 General Assembly Distr.: General 22 December 2025 25-20966 (E) *2520966* Eightieth session Agenda item 71 (b) Promotion and protection of human rights: human rights questions, including alternative approaches for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 18 December 2025 [on the report of the Third Committee (A/80/545, para. 5)] 80/210. The right to food The General Assembly, Reaffirming the Charter of the United Nations and its importance for the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, Reaffirming also previous resolutions and decisions on the right to food adopted within the framework of the United Nations, Recalling the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,1 which provides that everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for her or his health and well- being, including food, the Universal Declaration on the Eradication of Hunger and Malnutrition,2 the United Nations Millennium Declaration,3 in particular Millennium Development Goal 1 on eradicating extreme poverty and hunger by 2015, and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,4 in particular the Sustainable Development Goals on ending hunger, achieving food security and improved nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture and on ending poverty in all its forms everywhere, Recognizing that achieving the Sustainable Development Goals can help to ensure the end of hunger in all its forms by 2030 and to achieve food security, _______________ 1 Resolution 217 A (III). 2 Report of the World Food Conference, Rome, 5–16 November 1974 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.75.II.A.3), chap. I. 3 Resolution 55/2. 4 Resolution 70/1. A/RES/80/210 The right to food 25-20966 2/13 Welcoming the commitment contained in the Doha Political Declaration of the “World Social Summit” under the title “the Second World Summit for Social Development”5 to end hunger, malnutrition and poverty and to ensure the right to food for all to achieve inclusive social development, Welcoming also the convening of the First Leaders’ Meeting of the Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty, held in Qatar on 3 November 2025, on the margins of the Second World Summit for Social Development, Welcoming further the commitment to end hunger and eliminate food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition, reaffirmed by Member States in the Pact for the Future, 6 Recalling the provisions of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,7 in which the fundamental right of every person to be free from hunger is recognized, Bearing in mind the importance of the Rome Declaration on World Food Security, the World Food Summit Plan of Action and the Declaration of the World Food Summit: five years later, adopted in Rome on 13 June 2002,8 Recalling the adoption of the Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security by the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in November 2004,9 and reaffirming the importance of the recommendations contained therein, Acknowledging that the right to food has been recognized as the right of every individual, alone or in community with others, to have physical and economic access at all times to sufficient, adequate, nutritious food, in conformity with, inter alia, the culture, beliefs, traditions, dietary habits and preferences of individuals, that is produced and consumed sustainably, thereby preserving access to food for future generations, Reaffirming the Five Rome Principles for Sustainable Global Food Security contained in the Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, adopted in Rome on 16 November 2009,10 Recalling the proclamation by the General Assembly at its seventy-second session of 2019–2028 as the United Nations Decade of Family Farming11 and the close links between family farming, the promotion and conservation of historical, cultural and natural heritage, traditional customs and culture, halting the loss of biodiversity and the improvement of the living conditions of people living in rural areas, Reaffirming that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated and that they must be treated globally, in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing and with the same emphasis, as enshrined in the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,12 Reaffirming also that a peaceful, stable and enabling political, social and economic environment, at both the national and the international levels, is the _______________ 5 Resolution 80/5, annex. 6 Resolution 79/1. 7 See resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex. 8 A/57/499, annex. 9 E/CN.4/2005/131, annex. 10 See Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, document WSFS 2009/2. 11 See resolution 72/239. 12 A/CONF.157/24 (Part I), chap. III. The right to food A/RES/80/210 3/13 25-20966 essential foundation that will enable States to give adequate priority to food security, improved nutrition and poverty eradication, Reiterating, as set out in the Rome Declaration on World Food Security, the Declaration of the World Food Summit and the Rome Declaration on Nutrition, 13 that food should not be used as an instrument of political or economic pressure, and reaffirming in this regard the importance of international cooperation and solidarity, as well as the necessity of refraining from unilateral measures that are not in accordance with international law and the Charter and that endanger food security and nutrition, Expressing appreciation for the work of the United Nations system, in particular the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Food Programme and the International Fund for Agricultural Development, aimed at ending hunger and achieving food security and improved nutrition, and recognizing their work in supporting the efforts of Member States to achieve the full realization of the right to food, including through their provision of technical assistance to developing countries in support of the implementation of national priority frameworks, Recognizing the role of the Committee on World Food Security as an important and inclusive international and intergovernmental platform for a broad range of committed stakeholders to work together in a coordinated manner and in support of country-led processes towards the elimination of hunger and ensuring food security and nutrition for all human beings, Convinced that each State must adopt a strategy consistent with its resources and capacities to achieve its individual goals in implementing the recommendations contained in the Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action, as well as in the Rome Declaration on Nutrition and the Framework for Action,14 and, at the same time, cooperate regionally and internationally in order to organize collective solutions to global issues of food security and nutrition in a world of increasingly interlinked institutions, societies and economies where coordinated efforts and shared responsibilities are essential, Recognizing that, despite the efforts made and the fact that some positive results have been achieved, the problems of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition have a global dimension, that there has not been sufficient progress in reducing hunger and malnutrition in all its forms and that these problems are increasing dramatically in some regions in the absence of urgent, determined and concerted action, Recognizing also the importance of modern and traditional sustainable agricultural practices, including traditional seed supply systems, as well as access to credit and other financial services, markets, secure land tenure, healthcare, social services, education, training, knowledge and appropriate and affordable technologies, including efficient irrigation, the reuse of treated wastewater and water harvesting and storage for Indigenous Peoples and others living in rural areas, Recognizing further the complex character of food insecurity and its likely recurrence due to a combination of several major factors, such as the effects of the global financial and economic crisis, environmental degradation, desertification and the adverse impacts of climate change, as well as poverty, natural disasters, armed conflicts, humanitarian emergencies, drought, volatility in commodity prices, the increase in interest rates, foreign debt and inflation, and the lack in many countries of the appropriate technology, investment and capacity-building necessary to confront its impact, particularly in developing countries, including the least developed _______________ 13 World Health Organization, document EB136/8, annex I. 14 Ibid., annex II. A/RES/80/210 The right to food 25-20966 4/13 countries and small island developing States, and the need for coherence and collaboration between international institutions at the global level, Noting with great concern that millions of people are facing famine or the immediate risk of famine or are experiencing severe food insecurity in several regions of the world, and noting also that poverty, armed conflicts, drought and the volatility of commodity prices are among the factors causing or exacerbating famine and severe food insecurity and that additional efforts, including international support, to respond, prevent and prepare for increasing global food insecurity are urgently needed, Noting the negative impact of the rise in international food commodity prices, further affecting people in vulnerable situations, Noting also the rise in energy and fuel prices, which has had an impact on the increase in food commodity prices, and noting further the rise in fertilizer prices and the shortages caused by supply chain disruptions, affecting crop yields and threatening future agricultural productivity and production, especially of wheat, maize, millet, rice, sunflower oil and other essential foodstuffs, Recalling its resolution 76/264 of 23 May 2022, entitled “State of global food insecurity”, in which the General Assembly welcomed the initiative by the Secretary- General to establish a Global Crisis Response Group on Food, Energy and Finance, with a Steering Committee chaired by the Deputy Secretary-General, while also taking note of other relevant initiatives, such as the Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty, aimed at promoting food security and improved nutrition, including for those in vulnerable situations, Recognizing the negative global impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) pandemic, and recognizing also that full recovery from the pandemic requires unity, solidarity and multilateral cooperation, while recalling that the poorest and those who may be vulnerable or in vulnerable situations have been the hardest hit by the pandemic and that the impact of the crisis has reversed hard-won development gains and the fulfilment of the right to food for all, and hampered progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, including Goal 2, which aims to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture, Expressing its deep concern over the negative effects of armed conflicts on the fulfilment of the right to food, Recognizing that armed conflict impacts on food security can be direct, such as displacement from land, livestock grazing areas and fishing grounds or destruction of food stocks and agricultural assets, or indirect, such as disruptions to food systems and markets, leading to increased food prices or decreased household purchasing power, or decreased access to supplies that are necessary for food preparation, including water and fuel, Stressing the obligation of all States and parties to an armed conflict to protect civilians, in accordance with international humanitarian law, and calling upon Member States, the United Nations and other relevant organizations to take further steps to provide a coordinated emergency response to the food and nutrition needs of affected populations, while aiming to ensure that such steps are supportive of national strategies and programmes aimed at improving food security and nutrition, Reaffirming that starvation of civilians as a method of warfare is prohibited under international humanitarian law and that it is therefore prohibited to attack, destroy, remove or render useless, for that purpose, objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, such as foodstuffs, agricultural areas for the The right to food A/RES/80/210 5/13 25-20966 production of foodstuffs, crops, livestock, drinking water installations and supplies and irrigation works, Strongly condemning the unlawful denial of humanitarian access and depriving civilians of objects indispensable to their survival, including wilfully impeding relief supplies and access for responses to conflict-induced food insecurity in situations of armed conflict, which may constitute a violation of international humanitarian law, Resolved to act to ensure that the respect, promotion, protection and fulfilment of all human rights and the human rights perspective are taken into account at the national, regional and international levels in measures to address the realization of the right to food, Recognizing that trade, along with domestic production, plays a vital role in improving global food security in all its dimensions and enhancing nutrition, and in this regard urging Member States to ensure that trade and trade-related measures are consistent with World Trade Organization rules and exceptions, Stressing that improving access to productive resources and investment in rural development is essential for eradicating hunger and poverty, in particular in developing countries, through, inter alia, the promotion of investments in appropriate small-scale irrigation and water management technologies in order to reduce vulnerability to droughts and tackle water scarcity, as well as in programmes, practices and policies to scale up sustainable agroecological practices, Recognizing the importance of sustainable food systems that are fit to meet environmental, economic and social challenges, in order to guarantee food security and nutrition for all, Recognizing also the importance of school meal programmes to ensure better education, health and nutrition outcomes for children, while considering available resources, Expressing its deep concern at the number and scale of natural disasters, diseases and pest infestations, as well as the negative impact of climate change, and their increasing impact in recent years, which have resulted in substantial loss of life and livelihood and threatened agricultural production and food security and nutrition, in particular in developing countries, Concerned that the adverse impacts of climate change and natural disasters are harming agricultural productivity, food production and cropping patterns, thus contributing to food availability shortfalls, and that such impacts are expected to increase with future climate change, Emphasizing that a multisectoral approach that integrates nutrition across all sectors, including agriculture, health, water and sanitation, social protection and education, as well as a gender perspective, is critical to achieving global food security and improved nutrition and the realization of the right to food, Recalling the endorsement by the Committee on World Food Security of: (a) The Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security, 15 at its thirty- eighth session, held on 11 May 2012, _______________ 15 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, document CL 144/9 (C 2013/20), appendix D. A/RES/80/210 The right to food 25-20966 6/13 (b) The Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems,16 at its forty-first session, held from 13 to 18 October 2014, (c) The Voluntary Guidelines on Food Systems and Nutrition, 17 at its forty- seventh session, held from 8 to 11 February 2021, (d) The Voluntary Guidelines on Gender Equality and Women’s and Girls’ Empowerment in the Context of Food Security and Nutrition, 18 at its fifty-first session, held from 23 to 27 October and on 25 November 2023, (e) The Policy Recommendations on Reducing Inequalities for Food Security and Nutrition,19 at its fifty-second session, held from 21 to 25 October 2024, Recalling also the endorsement of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication by the Committee on Fisheries, at its thirty-first session, held in June 2014, Stressing the importance of the Second International Conference on Nutrition, hosted by the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome from 19 to 21 November 2014, and of its outcome documents, the Rome Declaration on Nutrition and the Framework for Action, Stressing also the need to increase official development assistance devoted to sustainable agriculture and nutrition, Recognizing that small and medium-sized farmers and artisanal and small-scale fishers in developing countries need to receive technical, technology transfer and capacity-building support, Recognizing also the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of agrobiodiversity in guaranteeing food security and nutrition and the right to food for all, Noting the cultural values of dietary and eating habits in different cultures, and recognizing that food plays an important role in defining the identity of individuals and communities and is a cultural component that describes and gives value to a territory and its inhabitants, Taking note of the United Nations Food Systems Summit, convened by the Secretary-General and held on 23 and 24 September 2021, the Nutrition for Growth Summit, held in Paris on 27 and 28 March 2025, and the United Nations Food Systems Summit +4 Stocktaking Moment, held in Addis Ababa from 27 to 29 July 2025, and looking forward to the second International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development, in Colombia in February 2026, Acknowledging the contribution of parliamentarians nationally and regionally to the reduction of hunger and malnutrition and ultimately to the realization of the right to food, and in this regard recognizing the convening of the second Global Parliamentary Summit against Hunger and Malnutrition, held in Valparaíso, Chile, on 15 and 16 June 2023, Recalling the outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, entitled “The future we want”, and recalling the commitment therein to work together to promote sustained and inclusive economic _______________ 16 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, document C 2015/20, appendix D. 17 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, document CFS 2021/47/7/Rev.1. 18 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, document CFS 2023/51/3. 19 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, document CFS 2024/52/8 Rev.1. The right to food A/RES/80/210 7/13 25-20966 growth, social development and environmental protection and thereby to benefit all, endorsed by the General Assembly in its resolution 66/288 of 27 July 2012, Recalling also the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–203020 and its guiding principles, which, inter alia, recognize the importance of promoting regular disaster preparedness and response and recovery exercises, with a view to ensuring rapid and effective response to disasters and related displacement, including access to essential food and non‑food relief supplies, as appropriate to local needs, as well as of fostering collaboration across global and regional mechanisms and institutions for the implementation and coherence of instruments and tools relevant to disaster risk reduction, such as for climate change adaptation, biodiversity, sustainable development, poverty eradication, environment, agriculture, health, food and nutrition and others, as appropriate, Recalling further the proclamation at its seventieth session of 2016–2025 as the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition,21 and stressing the opportunity the Decade represents to bring together initiatives and efforts to eradicate hunger and prevent all forms of malnutrition, and in that regard, welcoming the decision to extend the Decade to 2030, pursuant to its resolution 79/276 of 25 March 2025, to align it with the 2030 Agenda, and to maintain the political momentum at the global, regional and national levels to ending malnutrition in all its forms by 2030, Expressing its support for the Secretary-General in his continuing efforts to promote food security and nutrition, including through continued engagement with Member States and the Special Rapporteur on the right to food, 1. Reaffirms that hunger constitutes an outrage and a violation of human dignity and therefore requires the adoption of urgent measures at the national, regional and international levels for its elimination; 2. Also reaffirms the right of everyone to have access to safe, sufficient, nutritious and sustainably produced food, consistent with the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger, so as to be able to fully develop and maintain his or her physical and mental capacities; 3. Expresses its concern at the fact that the effects created by the world food crisis still continue to have serious consequences for the poorest and most vulnerable people, particularly in developing countries, which have been further aggravated by the impacts of the world financial and economic crisis, and at the particular effects of the crisis on many net food-importing countries, especially the least developed countries; 4. Underlines that the pandemic has exacerbated existing high levels of acute food insecurity, and calls upon Member States and other relevant stakeholders to consider the fulfilment of the right to food as part of the recovery from the pandemic by, inter alia, keeping food and agriculture supply chains functioning, ensuring the continued trade in and movement of food and livestock, products and inputs essential for agricultural and food production to markets, minimizing food loss and waste in the whole supply chain, including families and households, supporting workers and farmers, including women farmers, in agriculture and food supply chains to continue their essential work, including cross-border, in a safe manner, mobilizing and allocating adequate resources and enhancing institutional and training capacities for an accelerated implementation of sustainable agriculture and food systems, providing continued access to adequate, safe, affordable and nutritious food, and providing _______________ 20 Resolution 69/283, annex II. 21 See resolution 70/259. A/RES/80/210 The right to food 25-20966 8/13 adequate social safety nets and assistance to minimize the negative effects of loss of livelihoods and increasing food prices on food insecurity and malnutrition; 5. Expresses its deep concern that, according to the most recent estimates of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the United Nations Children’s Fund, the World Food Programme and the World Health Organization, in 2024, between 638 and 720 million people in the world, or 7.8 to 8.8 per cent of the global population, faced hunger, and an estimated 28.0 per cent of the global population, or 2.3 billion people, were moderately or severely food insecure, which is still 335 million persons more than in 2019, before the COVID‑19 pandemic, and 683 million more compared with 2015, when the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted; 6. Considers it alarming that, as estimated by the United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization and World Bank inter-agency group on joint child malnutrition estimates, in 2024, 150.2 million children under 5 years of age continued to suffer from stunting, 42.8 million from wasting and 35.5 million from overweight; 7. Expresses its deep concern that, while women contribute more than 50 per cent of the food produced worldwide, they also account for 70 per cent of the world’s hungry, that women and girls are disproportionately affected by hunger, food insecurity and poverty, in part as a result of gender inequality and discrimination, that in many countries girls are twice as likely as boys to die from malnutrition and preventable childhood diseases, and that it is estimated that almost twice as many women as men suffer from malnutrition; 8. Encourages all States to mainstream a gender perspective in food security programmes and to take action to address de jure and de facto gender inequality and discrimination against women, in particular when they contribute to the malnutrition of women and girls, including measures to ensure the full and equal realization of the right to food and that women have equal access to resources, including income, land and water and their ownership and agricultural inputs, as well as full and equal access to healthcare, education, science and technology, to enable them to feed themselves and their families, and in this regard stresses the need to empower all women and strengthen their role in decision-making; 9. Encourages the Special Rapporteur on the right to food to continue to mainstream a gender perspective in the fulfilment of his mandate, and encourages the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and all other United Nations bodies and mechanisms addressing the right to food and food insecurity and malnutrition to continue to integrate a gender perspective into their relevant policies, programmes and activities; 10. Reaffirms the need to ensure that programmes delivering safe and nutritious food are inclusive of and accessible to persons with disabilities; 11. Stresses that the primary responsibility of States is to respect, promote, protect and fulfil the right to food and that the international community should provide, through a coordinated response and upon request, international cooperation in support of national and regional efforts by providing the assistance necessary to increase food production and access to food, including through agricultural development assistance, the transfer of technology, food crop rehabilitation assistance and food aid, ensuring food security, with special attention to the specific needs of women, youth and girls, and promoting innovation, support for agricultural and other training related to food production, processing, preparation and handling and for the development of adapted technologies, research on rural advisory services and support for access to financing services, and ensure support for the establishment of secure land tenure systems; The right to food A/RES/80/210 9/13 25-20966 12. Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and in children, and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years; 13. Also calls upon all States and, where appropriate, relevant international organizations to implement policies and programmes to reduce and eliminate preventable mortality and morbidity, as a result of malnutrition, of children under 5 years of age, and in this regard urges States to disseminate the technical guidance prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, in collaboration with the World Health Organization,22 and to apply it, as appropriate, in the design, implementation, evaluation and monitoring of laws, policies, programmes, budgets and mechanisms for remedy and redress aimed at eliminating preventable mortality and morbidity of children under 5 years of age; 14. Encourages all States to take steps, with a view to progressively achieving the full realization of the right to food, including steps to promote the conditions for everyone to be free from hunger and, as soon as possible, to enjoy fully the right to food, and to create and adopt national plans and legislation to combat hunger; 15. Recognizes the advances made through South-South cooperation in developing countries and regions in connection with food security and the development of agricultural production for the full realization of the right to food; 16. Stresses that improving access to productive resources and responsible public investment in rural development, taking into consideration the Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems, as endorsed by the Committee on World Food Security, is essential for eradicating hunger and poverty, in particular in developing countries, including through the promotion of investment, including private investment, in appropriate small-scale irrigation, integrated water resource management and water management technologies in order to reduce vulnerability to droughts and to tackle water scarcity; 17. Recognizes the critical contribution made by the fisheries sector to the realization of the right to food and to food security and the contribution of small-scale fishers to the local food security of coastal communities; 18. Also recognizes that 70 per cent of hungry people live in rural areas, where nearly half a billion family farmers are located, and that these people are especially vulnerable to food insecurity, given the increasing cost of inputs and the fall in farm incomes; that access to land, water, seeds and other natural resources is an increasing challenge for poor producers; that sustainable and gender-sensitive agricultural policies are important tools for promoting land and agrarian reform, rural credit and insurance, technical assistance and other associated measures to achieve food security and rural development; and that support by States for small farmers, fishing communities and local enterprises, including through the facilitation of access for their products to national and international markets and empowerment of small producers, particularly women, in value chains, is a key element for food security and the provision of the right to food; 19. Stresses the importance of fighting hunger in rural areas, including through national efforts supported by international partnerships to stop desertification and land degradation and to mitigate the effects of drought and through investments and _______________ 22 A/HRC/27/31; see also Human Rights Council resolution 33/11 (see Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventy-first Session, Supplement No. 53A and corrigendum (A/71/53/Add.1 and A/71/53/Add.1/Corr.1), chap. II). A/RES/80/210 The right to food 25-20966 10/13 public policies that are specifically appropriate to the risk of drylands, and in this regard calls for the full implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa;23 20. Urges States that have not yet done so to favourably consider becoming Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity 24 and to consider becoming Parties to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 25 as a matter of priority; 21. Recognizes the important role of Indigenous Peoples and their traditional knowledge and seed supply systems, as well as the important role of new technologies, in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and in aiming to ensure food security and improved nutrition; 22. Recalls the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples,26 acknowledges that many Indigenous organizations and representatives of Indigenous Peoples have expressed in different forums their deep concerns over the obstacles and challenges they face in achieving the full enjoyment of the right to food, and calls upon States to take special actions to combat the root causes of the disproportionately high level of hunger and malnutrition among Indigenous Peoples and the continuous discrimination against them; 23. Also recalls the outcome document of the high-level plenary meeting of the General Assembly known as the World Conference on Indigenous Peoples, held on 22 and 23 September 2014,27 and the commitment to developing, in conjunction with the Indigenous Peoples concerned and where appropriate, policies, programmes and resources to support Indigenous Peoples’ occupations, traditional subsistence activities, economies, livelihoods, food security and nutrition; 24. Notes the need to further examine various concepts, such as “food sovereignty”, and their relation to food security and nutrition, and the right to food, bearing in mind the need to avoid any negative impact on the enjoyment of the right to food for all people at all times; 25. Requests all States and private actors, as well as international organizations, within their respective mandates, to take fully into account the need to promote the effective realization of the right to food for all; 26. Recognizes the need to strengthen national commitment, as well as international assistance, upon the request of and in cooperation with the affected countries, towards the full realization and protection of the right to food, and in particular to develop national protection mechanisms for people forced to leave their homes and land because of hunger or humanitarian emergencies affecting their enjoyment of the right to food; 27. Takes note with appreciation of the growing movement, in different regions of the world, towards the adoption of framework laws, national strategies and measures in support of the full realization of the right to food for all; 28. Stresses the need to make efforts to mobilize and optimize the allocation and utilization of technical and financial resources from all sources, including _______________ 23 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1954, No. 33480. 24 Ibid., vol. 1760, No. 30619. 25 Ibid., vol. 2400, No. 43345. 26 Resolution 61/295, annex. 27 Resolution 69/2. The right to food A/RES/80/210 11/13 25-20966 external debt relief for developing countries, and to reinforce national actions to implement sustainable food security policies; 29. Calls for a successful, development-oriented outcome of the trade negotiations of the World Trade Organization, in particular on the remaining issues of the Doha Development Round, as a contribution to the creation of international conditions permitting the full realization of the right to food; 30. Stresses that all States should make all efforts to ensure that their international policies of a political and economic nature, including international trade agreements, do not have a negative impact on the right to food in other countries; 31. Recalls the importance of the New York Declaration on Action against Hunger and Poverty, and recommends the continuation of efforts aimed at identifying additional sources of financing for the fight against hunger and poverty, as well as noncommunicable diseases; 32. Recognizes that the promises made at the World Food Summit in 1996 to halve the number of persons who are undernourished are not being fulfilled, while recognizing the efforts of Member States in this regard, and once again invites all international financial and development institutions, as well as the relevant United Nations agencies and funds, to give priority to and provide the funding necessary to realize the right to food, as set out in the Rome Declaration on World Food Security, and to achieve the aims of Goal 2 of the 2030 Agenda and other food and nutrition- related targets; 33. Reaffirms that integrating food and nutritional support, with the goal that all people at all times will have access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life, is part of a comprehensive effort to improve public health, alongside the response to the spread of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other communicable diseases; 34. Urges States to give priority in their development strategies and expenditures to the realization of the right to food; 35. Stresses the importance of international cooperation and development assistance as an effective contribution to the sustainable expansion and improvement of agriculture and, in particular, its environmental sustainability, food production, breeding projects on diversity of crops and livestock and institutional innovations such as community seed banks, farmer field schools and seed fairs, and to the provision of humanitarian food assistance in activities related to emergency situations for the realization of the right to food and the achievement of sustainable food security, while recognizing that each country has the primary responsibility for ensuring the implementation of national programmes and strategies in this regard; 36. Stresses that States Parties to the World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights should consider implementing that agreement in a manner that is supportive of food security; 37. Calls upon Member States, the United Nations system and other relevant stakeholders to support national efforts aimed at responding rapidly to the food crises currently occurring across different regions, and expresses its deep concern that funding shortfalls are forcing the World Food Programme to cut operations across different regions; 38. Calls upon Member States, the United Nations, humanitarian and development organizations and other relevant actors to urgently and effectively respond to, prevent and prepare for rising global food insecurity affecting millions of people, especially those who are facing famine or the immediate risk of famine, A/RES/80/210 The right to food 25-20966 12/13 including by enhancing humanitarian and development cooperation and providing urgent funding to respond to the needs of the affected population, and calls upon Member States and parties to armed conflicts to respect international humanitarian law and to ensure and facilitate safe and unhindered humanitarian access; 39. Calls upon States to heed the urgent United Nations humanitarian appeal to assist countries facing drought, starvation and famine with emergency aid and urgent funding; 40. Invites all relevant international organizations, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, to continue to promote policies and projects that have a positive impact on the right to food, to ensure that partners respect the right to food in the implementation of common projects, to support strategies of Member States aimed at the fulfilment of the right to food and to avoid any actions that could have a negative impact on its realization; 41. Takes note with appreciation of the report of the Special Rapporteur;28 42. Recognizes the importance of giving due consideration to the adverse impacts of climate change on the full realization of the right to food, recalls the Paris Agreement, adopted at the twenty-first session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, held in Paris from 30 November to 13 December 2015,29 and also recalls the holding of the twenty-ninth session of the Conference of the Parties in Baku, from 11 to 24 November 2024; 43. Also recognizes the impacts of climate change and of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon on agricultural production and food security around the world and the importance of designing and implementing actions to reduce its effects, in particular on vulnerable populations, such as rural women and girls, bearing in mind the role that rural women play in supporting their households and communities in achieving food security and nutrition, generating income and improving rural livelihoods and overall well-being; 44. Reiterates its support for the realization of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur, and requests the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to continue to provide all the human and financial resources necessary for its effective fulfilment; 45. Welcomes the work already done by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in promoting the right to adequate food, and recalls in particular its general comments: (a) No. 12 (1999) on the right to adequate food (article 11 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), 30 in which the Committee affirmed, inter alia, that the right to adequate food is indivisibly linked to the inherent dignity of the human person, indispensable for the fulfilment of other human rights enshrined in the International Bill of Human Rights and inseparable from social justice, requiring the adoption of appropriate economic, environmental and social policies, at both the national and the international levels, oriented to the eradication of poverty and the fulfilment of all human rights for all; (b) No. 15 (2002) on the right to water (articles 11 and 12 of the Covenant), 31 in which the Committee noted, inter alia, the importance of ensuring sustainable _______________ 28 A/80/213. 29 See FCCC/CP/2015/10/Add.1, decision 1/CP.21, annex. 30 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2000, Supplement No. 2 and corrigendum (E/2000/22 and E/2000/22/Corr.1), annex V. 31 Ibid., 2003, Supplement No. 2 (E/2003/22), annex IV. The right to food A/RES/80/210 13/13 25-20966 access to water resources for human consumption and agriculture in realization of the right to adequate food; (c) No. 26 (2022) on land and economic, social and cultural rights, 32 in which the Committee noted, inter alia, the essential role of ensuring secure and equitable access to, use of and control over land for individuals and communities to eradicate hunger and poverty and to guarantee the right to an adequate standard of living, and to guarantee the enjoyment of the right to adequate food; 46. Takes note with appreciation of the work done by the Committee on World Food Security in order to contribute to achieving and guaranteeing global food security; 47. Reaffirms that the Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security, adopted by the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in November 2004, represent a useful tool to promote the realization of the right to food for all, contribute to the achievement of food security and thus provide an additional instrument in the attainment of internationally agreed development goals and to support national Governments in the implementation of food security and nutrition policies, programmes and legal frameworks; 48. Calls upon all Governments to cooperate with and assist the Special Rapporteur in his task, to supply all necessary information requested by him and to give serious consideration to responding favourably to the requests of the Special Rapporteur to visit their countries to enable him to fulfil his mandate more effectively; 49. Requests the Special Rapporteur to submit to the General Assembly at its eighty-first session a report on the implementation of the present resolution and to continue his work, including by examining the emerging issues with regard to the realization of the right to food that are within his mandate, while taking into consideration relevant legal frameworks; 50. Invites Governments, relevant United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, treaty bodies, civil society actors and non‑governmental organizations, as well as the private sector, to cooperate fully with the Special Rapporteur in the fulfilment of his mandate through, inter alia, the submission of comments and suggestions on ways and means of realizing the right to food; 51. Decides to continue the consideration of the question at its eighty-first session under the item entitled “Promotion and protection of human rights”. 69th plenary meeting 18 December 2025 _______________ 32 E/C.12/GC/26.

UN Project. “A/RES/80/210.” UN Project, https://un-project.org/votes/resolution/A-RES-80-210/. Accessed .

Copy citation